Mizuno M, Kondo K
Jikken Dobutsu. 1976 Oct;25(4):291-5. doi: 10.1538/expanim1957.25.4_291.
In the course of inspection of the biochemical marker genes in inbred strains of mice maintained in our laboratory, a female mouse of the NZB strain was found to be heterozygous for the Es-1 locus. Namely, it was Es-1a/Es-1b type. After this finding, many heterozygous mice were found among her sisters and the descendants. However, these heterozygotes (Es-1a/Es-1b) showed no heterozygosity for other 11 characters, i.e., the 6 biochemical markers (Hbb, Trf, Es-2, Id-1, Mod-1, Gpd-1) and the 5 coat colour markers (A, B, C, D, AND S) were idential as those previously described. It was, moreover, observed that they possessed the immunological characteristics typical of the NZB mice. Therefore, it could be concluded that the heterozygosity had been originated from a single mutation at the Es-1 locus, i.e., from Es-1a to Es-1b or vice versa. With regard to the alleles at the Es-1 locus, an investigation was carried out in two sub-strains of the NZB mice having different breeding history and the followings were clarified. One substrain imported from Karolinska Institute, Sweden, had been fixed with the Es-1a allele and the other imported from England was found to be Es-1b/Es-1b type. The NZB mice which displayed the heterozygosity had been derieved from the Karolinska sub-strain. Importance of biochemical marker genes for inspection of proper maintenance of inbred strains has been discussed.
在对本实验室饲养的近交系小鼠的生化标记基因进行检测的过程中，发现一只NZB品系的雌性小鼠在Es-1位点是杂合的。也就是说，它是Es-1a/Es-1b型。这一发现之后，在它的姐妹及后代中发现了许多杂合小鼠。然而，这些杂合子（Es-1a/Es-1b）在其他11个性状上并未表现出杂合性，即6种生化标记（Hbb、Trf、Es-2、Id-1、Mod-1、Gpd-1）和5种毛色标记（A、B、C、D和S）与先前描述的相同。此外，还观察到它们具有NZB小鼠典型的免疫特征。因此，可以得出结论，这种杂合性源自Es-1位点的单个突变，即从Es-1a突变为Es-1b，或反之亦然。关于Es-1位点的等位基因，对具有不同繁殖历史的两个NZB小鼠亚系进行了调查，结果如下。一个从瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院引进的亚系已固定为Es-1a等位基因，另一个从英国引进的亚系被发现是Es-1b/Es-1b型。表现出杂合性的NZB小鼠源自卡罗林斯卡亚系。文中讨论了生化标记基因对于检测近交系正确维持的重要性。
