Gomes A P, Araújo J V, Ribeiro R C
Departamentos de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 1999 Jan;32(1):79-83. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x1999000100012.
In vitro tests were carried out on the pathogenicity of nine isolates of the predatory fungi of the genus Monacrosporium (5 M. sinense isolates, 3 M. appendiculatum and 1 M. thaumasium isolate) for a phytonematode (second stage juveniles from Meloidogyne incognita, race 3), a free-living nematode (Panagrellus spp), and two gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes of cattle (infective larvae of Cooperia punctata and Haemonchus placei). A suspension containing 2,000 nematodes from each species was added to Petri dishes containing fungi and grown on 2% water-agar medium at 25 degrees C in the dark for up to 7 days. The dishes were examined every other day for 7 days and predation-free nematodes were counted. The results showed that the free-living nematodes, Panagrellus spp. were the most susceptible (P < 0.05), followed by the phytonematode M. incognita, while the controls were > or = 98.5% viable. However, a variable susceptibility of the nematodes to different fungi was observed. This indicates that the use of predatory fungi for the environmental control of nematodes will be limited by the multiplicity of nematodes in the environment and their differential susceptibility to fungal isolates of the same genus.
对9株单顶孢属捕食性真菌（5株中华单顶孢、3株附枝单顶孢和1株奇异单顶孢）针对一种植物线虫（南方根结线虫3号生理小种的二龄幼虫）、一种自由生活线虫（小杆线虫属）以及牛的两种胃肠道寄生线虫（点状库珀线虫和捻转血矛线虫的感染性幼虫）的致病性进行了体外试验。将每种线虫含2000条的悬浮液加入含有真菌的培养皿中，在25℃黑暗条件下于2%水琼脂培养基上培养长达7天。每隔一天对培养皿进行检查，持续7天，并对未被捕食的线虫进行计数。结果表明，自由生活线虫小杆线虫属最敏感（P<0.05），其次是植物线虫南方根结线虫，而对照组线虫的存活率≥98.5%。然而，观察到线虫对不同真菌的敏感性存在差异。这表明，捕食性真菌用于线虫的环境控制将受到环境中线虫种类的多样性及其对同一属真菌分离株不同敏感性的限制。
