[Learning disabilities; toward adequate treatment and education].

The medical staff can serve learning disabled (LD) children by ruling out progressive and regressive diseases, and by treating concurrent disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). Teachers and even some medical members in Japan have confused ADHD with LD. Although looking similar, these two disorders are completely different. We should further clarify the brain dysfunction in LD children, thereby contributing to remedial education.