Berlau J, Aucken H, Malnick H, Pitt T
Central Public Health Laboratory, Laboratory of Hospital Infection, London, UK.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;18(3):179-83. doi: 10.1007/s100960050254.
The distribution of the 19 currently known genospecies of Acinetobacter on human skin, i.e. forehead, forearm and toe webs, was determined. Three selective media were compared for their specificity for all genospecies of Acinetobacter. A minimal-salts agar supplemented with 1% acetate proved to be more efficient than the Leeds medium for the isolation of most genospecies in mixed culture with other bacterial species. Acinetobacter isolates were provisionally identified using biochemical tests and the DNA transformation assay of Juni. Genospecies identification was performed using amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, and duplicate isolates of the same genospecies from individuals were ruled out by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Over 40% of 192 healthy volunteers carried Acinetobacter spp. at one or more body sites, and the frequencies of colonisation were as follows: forearm (51%), forehead (47%) and toe web (34%). Genospecies 8/9 (Acinetobacter lwoffii) was the most common (61%), followed by genospecies 15BJ and 12 (Acinetobacter radioresistens) at 12.5% and 8%, respectively. The Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus group (genospecies 1, 2, 3 and 13TU) that predominates in hospital-acquired infections was found in only one individual.
研究确定了目前已知的19种不动杆菌基因型在人体皮肤（即前额、前臂和趾间）上的分布情况。比较了三种选择性培养基对所有不动杆菌基因型的特异性。结果表明，添加1%醋酸盐的最低盐琼脂培养基在与其他细菌混合培养时，对大多数基因型不动杆菌的分离效率高于利兹培养基。使用生化试验和朱尼的DNA转化试验对不动杆菌分离株进行初步鉴定。通过扩增核糖体DNA限制性分析进行基因型鉴定，并通过随机扩增多态性DNA分析排除个体中相同基因型的重复分离株。在192名健康志愿者中，超过40%的人在一个或多个身体部位携带不动杆菌属，其定植频率如下：前臂（51%）、前额（47%）和趾间（34%）。基因型8/9（洛菲不动杆菌）最为常见（61%），其次是基因型15BJ和12（抗辐射不动杆菌），分别占12.5%和8%。在医院获得性感染中占主导地位的鲍曼不动杆菌-醋酸钙不动杆菌组（基因型1、2、3和13TU）仅在一名个体中发现。
