Horrobin D F, Bennett C N
Laxdale Research, Kings Park House, Laurelhill Business Park, Stirling, UK.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1999 Mar;60(3):141-67. doi: 10.1054/plef.1999.0027.
Phospholipids make up about 60% of the brain's dry weight. In spite of this, phospholipid metabolism has received relatively little attention from those seeking genetic factors involved in psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, there is now increasing evidence from many quarters that abnormal phospholipid and related fatty acid metabolism may contribute to illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. To date the possible specific proteins and genes involved have been relatively ill-defined. This paper reviews the main pathways of phospholipid metabolism, emphasizing the roles of phospholipases of the A2 and C series in signal transduction processes. It identifies some likely protein candidates for involvement in psychiatric and neurological disorders. It also reviews the chromosomal locations of regions likely to be involved in these disorders, and relates these to the known locations of genes directly or indirectly involved in phospholipid and fatty acid metabolism.
磷脂约占大脑干重的60%。尽管如此，磷脂代谢在寻找精神和神经疾病相关遗传因素的研究中受到的关注相对较少。然而，现在越来越多来自各方的证据表明，异常的磷脂及相关脂肪酸代谢可能导致精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、抑郁症和注意力缺陷多动障碍等疾病。迄今为止，所涉及的可能的特定蛋白质和基因相对尚不明确。本文综述了磷脂代谢的主要途径，重点强调了A2和C系列磷脂酶在信号转导过程中的作用。它确定了一些可能参与精神和神经疾病的蛋白质候选物。还综述了可能与这些疾病相关的区域的染色体定位，并将其与直接或间接参与磷脂和脂肪酸代谢的基因的已知定位联系起来。
