García González J V, Díaz Palacios E, Salamea García A, Cabrera González D, Menéndez Caicoya A, Fernández Sánchez A, Acebal García V
Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Gijón, Area Sanitaria V, Asturias.
Aten Primaria. 1999 Apr 30;23(7):434-40.
To analyse the reliability and validity of a scale of social evaluation of the elderly.
Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Primary care.
Sample of 1062 people from the over-65 population.
The scale evaluated has five items (family situation, economic situation, housing, relationships and social support), and an overall score is obtained. Its reliability was evaluated by an interview with two observers, and validity by contrasting the score obtained on the scale with a reference criterion of an independent, blind assessment by a social work expert.
The intraclass correlation coefficient (inter-observer reliability) was 0.957. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.4467, which denoted moderate to low internal consistency. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the validity of the criterion. Nevertheless, to detect social problems in care practice, probability proportions for different levels on the scale were more useful. These ranged from 1 to 23, while in the detection of social risk they ranged from 1 to infinity.
The scale studied by us as a measuring instrument enables risk situations and social problems to be detected with good reliability and acceptable validity. It should be introduced into the care practice of professionals working in the social or health care of the elderly.
分析老年人社会评价量表的信度和效度。
描述性横断面研究。
初级保健机构。
从65岁以上人群中抽取的1062人样本。
所评估的量表有五个项目（家庭状况、经济状况、住房、人际关系和社会支持），并得出一个总分。通过与两名观察者进行访谈来评估其信度，通过将量表得分与社会工作专家独立、盲法评估的参考标准进行对比来评估效度。
组内相关系数（观察者间信度）为0.957。克朗巴哈α系数为0.4467，表明内部一致性为中度到低度。计算了该标准效度的敏感性和特异性。然而，在护理实践中检测社会问题时，量表不同水平的概率比例更有用。这些比例范围从1到23，而在检测社会风险时，范围从1到无穷大。
我们作为测量工具研究的量表能够以良好的信度和可接受的效度检测风险情况和社会问题。应将其引入从事老年人社会或医疗护理工作的专业人员的护理实践中。
