Bavaresco L, Fregoni C, Cantù E, Trevisan M
Institute of Viticulture, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1999;25(2-3):57-63.
Stilbenes are natural compounds occurring in a number of plant families, including Vitaceae and (within this family) Vitis vinifera L., which is the most important species grown worldwide for grape and wine production. Stilbenes (resveratrol and viniferins) are present in grapevine as constitutive compounds of the woody organs (roots, canes, stems) and as induced substances (in leaves and fruit) acting as phytoalexins in the mechanisms of grape resistance against certain pathogens. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) was also detected in wine and it was thought to be the active principle of red wines that were shown to reduce heart diseases. This paper reviews data, obtained by the Viticulture Institute of the Catholic University at Piacenza and taken from the literature, on some aspects of stilbene physiology in grapevine and on their relation to resveratrol wine levels. Constitutive stilbene contents of woody organs are reported, as well as the possible role of cluster stems as a source of resveratrol for wine. The accumulation of stilbenes in grape berries infected by grey mould (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) has been investigated and the effects of environmental factors on resveratrol grape and wine levels will be discussed. An unidentified new hydroxystilbene was detected in wine.
芪类化合物是存在于多个植物科中的天然化合物，包括葡萄科，以及（在该科内）酿酒葡萄，它是全球种植用于葡萄和葡萄酒生产的最重要的物种。芪类化合物（白藜芦醇和葡萄素）在葡萄藤中作为木质器官（根、藤、茎）的组成成分存在，也作为诱导物质（在叶片和果实中），在葡萄抵抗某些病原体的机制中充当植保素。葡萄酒中也检测到了白藜芦醇（3,5,4'-三羟基芪），并且它被认为是红葡萄酒中显示出可降低心脏病风险的活性成分。本文综述了皮亚琴察天主教大学葡萄栽培研究所从文献中获取的有关葡萄藤中芪类化合物生理学的某些方面及其与葡萄酒中白藜芦醇含量关系的数据。报告了木质器官中组成型芪类化合物的含量，以及果梗作为葡萄酒中白藜芦醇来源的可能作用。研究了灰霉（灰葡萄孢菌）感染的葡萄浆果中芪类化合物的积累情况，并将讨论环境因素对葡萄和葡萄酒中白藜芦醇含量的影响。在葡萄酒中检测到一种未鉴定的新羟基芪。
