Schmelzer K
Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg. 1976;131(8):703-10.
In July 1974 a mosaic disease was stated in seed plants of garden radish near Aschersleben which spread more and more within some weeks and eventually infected over 40 per cent of the stand. Investigations in comparison with healthy seed plants demonstrated the following average losses induced by the disease: number of pods 51 per cent, seed weight 67 per cent, number of seeds per plant 53 per cent, weight of 1,000 seeds 33 per cent. Nearly unaffected were: number of seeds per pod, percentage of seed germination, and percentage of emerged seedlings. However, the seedlings were smaller when they derived from diseased mother plants. From diseased seed plants cauliflower mosaic virus was isolated. Seed transmission of this virus could not be stated with several hundreds of seedlings deriving from diseased garden radish. Back transmissions were successful with sap and with aphids. Only one strain which was cultivated in greenhouse for a long time gave no positive results. Three isolates of cabbage black ring virus from different plant species and the four beetle-transmissible viruses, namely turnip yellow mosaic, turnip crinkle, turnip rosette, and radish mosaic viruses induced no symptoms on garden radish seedlings. However, Erysimum latent virus, also belonging to the beetle-transmissible viruses, sometimes caused symptoms in garden radish. For the first time the investigations demonstrated in Europe, but probably also for the other continents, a spontaneous virus infection of Raphanus sativus var. sativus.
1974年7月，在阿舍斯莱本附近的水萝卜种子植株上发现了一种花叶病，该病在几周内蔓延得越来越广，最终感染了超过40%的植株。与健康种子植株对比研究表明，该病造成的平均损失如下：豆荚数量减少51%，种子重量减少67%，单株种子数量减少53%，千粒重减少33%。几乎未受影响的是：每荚种子数量、种子发芽率和出苗率。然而，由患病母株产生的幼苗较小。从患病种子植株中分离出了花椰菜花叶病毒。用数百株来自患病水萝卜的幼苗未能证实该病毒的种子传播。通过汁液和蚜虫进行回传是成功的。只有一种在温室中长期培养的毒株未得到阳性结果。从不同植物物种中分离出的三种甘蓝黑环病毒以及四种由甲虫传播的病毒，即芜菁黄花叶病毒、芜菁皱缩病毒、芜菁丛簇病毒和萝卜花叶病毒，在水萝卜幼苗上未引起症状。然而，同样属于甲虫传播病毒的糖芥潜隐病毒有时会在水萝卜上引起症状。这些研究首次在欧洲证明了，可能在其他各大洲也存在，栽培萝卜（Raphanus sativus var. sativus）的自发病毒感染。
