Cohen J I, Brunell P A, Straus S E, Krause P R
Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1888, USA.
Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jun 1;130(11):922-32. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00017.
Varicella-zoster virus has developed a complex strategy that allows it to remain latent in the body and avoid destruction by the immune system. Although varicella and zoster have been recognized since antiquity, several new clinical syndromes--including chronic chickenpox with persistent verrucous lesions and disseminated varicella without skin lesions--have been noted in patients with AIDS. Acyclovir has been the mainstay for treating severe varicella-zoster virus infections; however, newer antiviral agents, including valacyclovir and famciclovir, have expanded therapeutic options for treating adults with herpes zoster. The recently licensed live attenuated vaccine for varicella-zoster virus is effective in preventing chickenpox, and the vaccine's ability to stimulate immunity in seropositive adults suggests a promising strategy with which to modify the course of herpes zoster.
水痘带状疱疹病毒已形成一种复杂的策略，使其能够潜伏在体内并避免被免疫系统破坏。尽管水痘和带状疱疹自古以来就已被认识到，但在艾滋病患者中已注意到几种新的临床综合征，包括伴有持续性疣状皮损的慢性水痘和无皮肤损害的播散性水痘。阿昔洛韦一直是治疗严重水痘带状疱疹病毒感染的主要药物；然而，包括伐昔洛韦和泛昔洛韦在内的新型抗病毒药物，为治疗成人带状疱疹扩大了治疗选择。最近获得许可的水痘带状疱疹病毒减毒活疫苗在预防水痘方面有效，并且该疫苗在血清反应阳性的成年人中刺激免疫的能力提示了一种有望改变带状疱疹病程的策略。
