Whitlow B J, Lazanakis M S, Economides D L
Fetal Medicine Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999 May;13(5):301-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1999.13050301.x.
To determine the feasibility of correctly identifying fetal gender from 11 to 14 weeks' gestation.
A prospective cross-sectional study in a university Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London. A total of 524 women from an unselected population underwent a detailed assessment of fetal anatomy at 11-14 weeks of gestation (confirmed by crown-rump length) by means of transabdominal sonography, and transvaginal sonography (26%) when necessary. Fetal gender was identified in the transverse and sagittal planes, and was confirmed at birth.
The overall success of correctly assigning fetal gender increased with gestational age from 46% to 75%, 79% and 90% at 11, 12, 13 and 14 weeks, respectively. The ability of the operator to assign fetal gender significantly improved with increasing gestational age (p < 0.0001), being 59%, 87%, 92% and 98% at 11, 12, 13 and 14 weeks, respectively. The accuracy of correctly identifying fetal gender when attempted did not change with gestational age. Fetal gender or the performance of the scan by different operators did not affect the results.
Whilst the accuracy of sonographic determination of fetal gender at 11-14 weeks is good, it still falls significantly short of invasive karyotyping tests.
确定在妊娠11至14周时正确识别胎儿性别的可行性。
在伦敦一所大学的妇产科进行的一项前瞻性横断面研究。共有524名来自未经过筛选人群的女性在妊娠11至14周时（通过头臀长确认）接受了经腹部超声检查，并在必要时接受了经阴道超声检查（26%），以对胎儿解剖结构进行详细评估。在横切面和矢状面确定胎儿性别，并在出生时进行确认。
正确判断胎儿性别的总体成功率随着孕周增加而提高，在11、12、13和14周时分别为46%、75%、79%和90%。操作人员判断胎儿性别的能力随着孕周增加而显著提高（p<0.0001），在11、12、13和14周时分别为59%、87%、92%和98%。尝试时正确识别胎儿性别的准确率并未随孕周变化。胎儿性别或不同操作人员的扫描表现均未影响结果。
虽然在11至14周时超声确定胎儿性别的准确性良好，但仍明显低于侵入性核型分析检测。
