Lillehaug S I, Lajoie S
Department of Medical Informatics, Linköping University, Sweden.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 1998;52 Pt 2:1232-6.
The field of AI in Medicine (AIM) seems to have accepted that decision support is, and will be, needed within most medical domains. As society calls for cost-effectiveness, and human expertise or expert guidance are not always available, decision support systems (DSSs) are proposed as the solutions. These solutions, however, do not necessarily correspond with the basic needs of their targeted users. We will show this through a review of the literature related to health care workers and the various factors that have an influence on their performances. Furthermore, we will use these empirical findings to argue that the AIM community must go beyond its decision support philosophy, whereby the gaps in human expertise are filled in by the computer. In the future, joint emphasis must be placed on decision support and the promotion towards independent and self-sufficient problem solving. In order to implement this paradigm change, the AIM community will have to incorporate findings from the research discipline of AI in Education.
医学人工智能（AIM）领域似乎已经承认，在大多数医学领域中，现在以及未来都需要决策支持。由于社会要求成本效益，而且并非总能获得人类专业知识或专家指导，因此有人提出决策支持系统（DSS）作为解决方案。然而，这些解决方案并不一定符合其目标用户的基本需求。我们将通过回顾与医护人员相关的文献以及影响其表现的各种因素来证明这一点。此外，我们将利用这些实证研究结果来论证，AIM社区必须超越其决策支持理念，即由计算机填补人类专业知识的空白。未来，必须同时强调决策支持以及促进独立和自主解决问题的能力。为了实现这一范式转变，AIM社区将不得不纳入人工智能教育研究学科的研究成果。
