Weber D A, Ivanovic M
Research Radiology and the Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817, USA.
J Nucl Cardiol. 1999 May-Jun;6(3):332-44. doi: 10.1016/s1071-3581(99)90046-6.
Recent developments in the use of pinhole SPECT and dedicated PET for UHR small animal imaging have identified the technology that can be used to provide images with spatial resolution of the order of 1 to 3 mm. In SPECT imaging, rotating camera pinhole SPECT has provided the means to use existing equipment to achieve UHR images. It has the disadvantages of low sensitivity and requires special image software to reconstruct tomographic slices. However, with minimal additional cost to an imaging laboratory, pinhole SPECT can provide a quantitatively accurate imaging technique for small-animal studies. New detector technology offers considerable promise; however, more studies are required before any one system can be singled out as offering major advantages over the pinhole SPECT method for general purpose small-animal SPECT imaging. The search for the means to achieve better sensitivity with UHR continues. In PET imaging, with few exceptions, the general trend has been to design systems dedicated to small-animal imaging to achieve UHR images with satisfactory sensitivity for quantitative UHR imaging. Several of the ring configuration, small-animal PET imaging systems provide good sensitivity and high spatial resolution. The cost of many of these systems, however, is relatively high, and investigators continue to explore different detector materials and imaging geometries to develop an instrument with acceptable levels of sensitivity with UHR imaging capability. We believe that both small-animal SPECT and PET imaging techniques now offer practical UHR imaging methods for quantitative small-animal imaging. As these tools are implemented in the investigation of new radiopharmaceuticals, we expect the utility of in vivo small animal assays will support further research in optimizing this technology.
用于超高分辨率（UHR）小动物成像的针孔单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）和专用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的最新进展，已确定了可用于提供空间分辨率约为1至3毫米图像的技术。在SPECT成像中，旋转相机针孔SPECT提供了利用现有设备获取超高分辨率图像的方法。它具有灵敏度低的缺点，并且需要特殊的图像软件来重建断层切片。然而，对于成像实验室而言，只需极少的额外成本，针孔SPECT就能为小动物研究提供一种定量准确的成像技术。新的探测器技术前景广阔；然而，在任何一种系统能被认定为在通用小动物SPECT成像方面比针孔SPECT方法具有重大优势之前，还需要进行更多研究。实现超高分辨率下更好灵敏度的方法仍在探索中。在PET成像中，除少数例外情况，总体趋势是设计专门用于小动物成像的系统，以实现具有令人满意灵敏度的超高分辨率图像用于定量超高分辨率成像。几种环形配置的小动物PET成像系统具有良好的灵敏度和高空间分辨率。然而，这些系统中的许多成本相对较高，研究人员继续探索不同的探测器材料和成像几何结构，以开发出一种具有可接受灵敏度水平且具备超高分辨率成像能力的仪器。我们认为，小动物SPECT和PET成像技术现在都为定量小动物成像提供了实用的超高分辨率成像方法。随着这些工具在新放射性药物研究中的应用，我们预计体内小动物检测的效用将支持进一步优化该技术的研究。
