Coffman C W, Obendorf S K, Derksen R C
Department of Textiles & Apparel, Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1999 Aug;37(2):273-9. doi: 10.1007/s002449900515.
Deposition of pesticide on the clothing of the applicator was studied in a commercial vineyard using two different application technologies. A typical air-assisted sprayer with centrifugal fans delivered a concentrated spray. A tunnel or hooded sprayer was used at two carrier rates-high volume, low concentration versus low volume, high concentration-to apply Dithane M-45, an agricultural fungicide, at 3,375 g/ha on a light to medium density canopy. Deposition of pesticide was on the coveralls worn by the operator for all applications with a deposition range of 0.43 to 0.63 ng/cm2. The deposition on the clothing was higher for the air-assist sprayer than for the hooded sprayer. However, reducing the volume of water in the non-air assist hooded sprayer offered no advantage in terms of decreasing operator exposure. While the deposition of pesticide on the coveralls of the applicator was fairly uniformly distributed on the garment surface, the neck, shoulder, and upper right arm of our right-handed operator had the highest amount of pesticide deposit and the lower left quadrant of the garment had the lowest deposition. Results of this study indicate that vineyard applicator exposure can be reduced by use of the hooded non-air assisted sprayer and that extra protection is needed in the region of the neck, shoulder, and arm, and attention to the habits of the tractor driver is required.http://link.springer-ny. com/link/service/journals/00244/bibs/37n2p273.html
在一个商业葡萄园里，使用两种不同的施药技术研究了农药在施药人员衣物上的沉积情况。一台配备离心风扇的典型气吸式喷雾器进行了集中喷雾。一台隧道式或带罩喷雾器以两种载药量——高量、低浓度与低量、高浓度——在中低密度树冠层上以3375克/公顷的用量喷施了一种农用杀菌剂代森锰锌。在所有施药过程中，农药都沉积在操作人员穿着的工作服上，沉积范围为0.43至0.63纳克/平方厘米。气吸式喷雾器施药时衣物上的沉积量高于带罩喷雾器。然而，在非气吸式带罩喷雾器中减少水量，在降低操作人员接触量方面并无优势。虽然农药在施药人员工作服上的沉积在衣物表面分布相当均匀，但我们的右撇子操作人员的颈部、肩部和右上臂农药沉积量最高，衣物的左下方象限沉积量最低。本研究结果表明，使用带罩非气吸式喷雾器可减少葡萄园施药人员的接触量，并且在颈部、肩部和手臂区域需要额外防护，同时需要关注拖拉机驾驶员的习惯。http://link.springer-ny. com/link/service/journals/00244/bibs/37n2p273.html
