Garrod A N, Rimmer D A, Robertshaw L, Jones T
ECoS Environmental Ltd., Unit 4, Halifax, U.K.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1998 Apr;42(3):159-65. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4878(98)00006-4.
A total of 20 surveys at 15 sites of remedial in-situ timber and masonry treatment took place in the latter half of 1996. Two of these surveys concerned wall washes (biocides), the remainder were non-agricultural pesticides. The purpose was to measure the surface deposition and inhalation exposure of the operatives to the pesticide spray fluids used. The diluted spray fluids were found to have significantly different concentrations from those intended by the sprayer. The pesticides were applied at pressures between 320 and 1050 kPa. Deposition rates for spray fluid on coveralls covered a wide range, with more than 30 fold difference between the median and the highest results (median 209 mg/minute; range 27.4 to 6550 mg/min). Contamination of coveralls occurred in all surveys, with the pesticide getting beneath the coveralls in 95% of surveys, with a median 5% contamination beneath the overall. The averaged and normalised deposition pattern was 75% legs, 11% arms, 12% torso and 2% head. Exposure of hands to pesticide (expressed as spray fluid) beneath protective gloves occurred in 89% of surveys (median 5.78 mg/minute; range 0.23 to 358 mg/min) and contamination of socks by spray fluid in 78% of surveys (median 2.08 mg/minute; range 0.12 to 260 mg/min). Exposure by inhalation to spray fluid was measurable in 72% of surveys (median 53.5 mg/m3 TWA; range 4.33 to 1320 mg/m3; 2 data excluded). Inhalation exposure and deposition on coveralls rose markedly at spray pressures above 700 kPa (100 psi).
1996年下半年，在15个现场进行了共计20次原位木材和砖石修复处理调查。其中两项调查涉及墙体清洗（杀菌剂），其余为非农业杀虫剂。目的是测量操作人员对所使用的农药喷雾液的表面沉积和吸入暴露情况。发现稀释后的喷雾液浓度与喷雾器设定的浓度有显著差异。农药喷洒压力在320至1050千帕之间。工作服上喷雾液的沉积率范围很广，中位数与最高值相差30多倍（中位数为209毫克/分钟；范围为27.4至6550毫克/分钟）。所有调查中工作服均受到污染，95%的调查中农药渗透到工作服下面，工作服下面的污染中位数为5%。平均和归一化的沉积模式为：腿部75%、手臂11%、躯干12%、头部2%。89%的调查中，防护手套下的手部接触到农药（以喷雾液计）（中位数为5.78毫克/分钟；范围为0.23至358毫克/分钟），78%的调查中，袜子被喷雾液污染（中位数为2.08毫克/分钟；范围为0.12至260毫克/分钟）。72%的调查中可测量到吸入喷雾液的暴露情况（时间加权平均中位数为53.5毫克/立方米；范围为4.33至1320毫克/立方米；两个数据被排除）。喷雾压力高于700千帕（100磅/平方英寸）时，吸入暴露和工作服上的沉积量显著增加。
