Woo J, Leung S S, Ho S C, Sham A, Lam T H, Janus E D
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999 Jun;53(6):461-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600777.
To examine the influence of education and marital status on dietary intake, body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood pressure, fasting and 2 h glucose, and lipid profile in adult Hong Kong Chinese.
Randomized age and sex stratified survey.
One thousand and ten subjects aged 25-74 y (500 men, 510 women) recruited for the 1995-96 Hong Kong Dietary and Cardiovascular Risk Prevalence Survey.
Dietary intake was estimated using a food frequency method. Information on education level and marital status was included in the questionnaire. Anthropometry and biochemical parameters were measured using standard methods.
After adjustment for age, higher levels of education are associated with higher percentage protein intake in men, higher percentage fat intake in women, higher nutrient density of fibre and calcium in both men and women, and higher nutrient density of protein, fat, niacin, vitamin D, and polyunsaturated fatty acid in women. Consumption of fruits was also higher in women, and that of dairy products higher in men. Body mass index and waist-hip ratio were lower with increasing levels of education in women, while lower mean systolic BP was observed in men. Single women had lower nutrient densities of vitamin D and iron, and lower consumption of vegetables and fish, compared with married women. Body mass index was lower in both single men and women. Single men had a better cardiovascular risk factor profile, in that diastolic BP, triglycerides and cholesterol/HDL ratio were lower, in addition to a lower body mass index.
Higher education level is associated with a healthier diet and lower prevalence of overweight.
研究教育程度和婚姻状况对成年香港华人饮食摄入、体重指数、腰臀比、血压、空腹及餐后2小时血糖以及血脂谱的影响。
按年龄和性别分层的随机调查。
1995 - 1996年香港饮食与心血管疾病风险患病率调查招募的1010名25 - 74岁受试者（500名男性，510名女性）。
采用食物频率法估算饮食摄入量。问卷中包含教育程度和婚姻状况信息。使用标准方法测量人体测量学和生化参数。
在调整年龄后，较高的教育程度与男性较高的蛋白质摄入百分比、女性较高的脂肪摄入百分比、男性和女性较高的纤维和钙营养密度以及女性较高的蛋白质、脂肪、烟酸维生素D和多不饱和脂肪酸营养密度相关。女性水果消费量也较高，男性乳制品消费量较高。女性的体重指数和腰臀比随着教育程度的提高而降低，而男性的平均收缩压较低。与已婚女性相比，单身女性的维生素D和铁营养密度较低，蔬菜和鱼类消费量也较低。单身男性和女性的体重指数均较低。单身男性的心血管危险因素状况较好，即舒张压、甘油三酯和胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比值较低，此外体重指数也较低。
较高的教育程度与更健康的饮食和较低的超重患病率相关。
