El-Zayadi A R, Abe K, Selim O, Naito H, Hess G, Ahdy A
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Virol Methods. 1999 Jun;80(1):53-8. doi: 10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00036-1.
A new RNA virus, designated GBV-C/hepatitis G virus (HGV) has been identified recently. To evaluate the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV infection among Egyptians, five groups were enrolled in this study: group I, healthy blood donors (82); group II, health care personnel (30); group III, chronic non-B non-C hepatitis patients (63); group IV, chronic hepatitis C patients (100); group V, renal dialysis patients (79). GBV-C/HGV-RNA was detected by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers derived from 5'-non coding region of GBV-C/HGV. GBV-C/HGV-RNA was detected in 57 of 354 tested sera with an overall prevalence of 16.1%. Meanwhile, isolated GBV-C/HGV infection was detected in 16/57 (28.1%), GBV-C/HGV coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 37/57 (64.9%) and with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 4/57 (7.6%) of cases. The highest prevalence was encountered among dialysis patients reaching 30% followed by chronic hepatitis C (14%), blood donors (12.2%), chronic non-B non-C hepatitis (11.1%), whereas the lowest prevalence rate of 6.6% was detected among health care personnel. Nucleotide sequence analysis in three Egyptians confirmed that these PCR products were derived from GBV-C/HGV genome and all isolates classified into US/European type (type 2) of GBV-C/HGV genotypes. The risk factors of all cases were non-transfusion parenteral exposure, e.g. reusing syringes, dental treatment, surgery, invasive medical maneuvers, with an exception of renal dialysis patients who have had repeated blood transfusion. It is concluded that there is a relatively high prevalence of GBV-C/HGV-RNA among different Egyptian groups compared to international figures. The main risk factors were direct percutaneous exposure rather than blood transfusion. The Egyptian GBV-C/HGV isolates are very similar to the American isolate PNF 2161.
一种新的RNA病毒，命名为GBV-C/庚型肝炎病毒（HGV），最近已被鉴定出来。为评估埃及人GBV-C/HGV感染的流行情况，本研究纳入了五组人群：第一组，健康献血者（82人）；第二组，医护人员（30人）；第三组，慢性非B非C型肝炎患者（63人）；第四组，慢性丙型肝炎患者（100人）；第五组，肾透析患者（79人）。采用从GBV-C/HGV的5'-非编码区衍生的引物，通过巢式逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测GBV-C/HGV-RNA。在354份检测血清中的57份中检测到GBV-C/HGV-RNA，总体流行率为16.1%。同时，在16/57（28.1%）的病例中检测到孤立的GBV-C/HGV感染，在37/57（64.9%）的病例中检测到GBV-C/HGV与丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）合并感染，在4/57（7.6%）的病例中检测到与乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）合并感染。透析患者中的流行率最高，达30%，其次是慢性丙型肝炎（14%）、献血者（12.2%）、慢性非B非C型肝炎（11.1%），而医护人员中的流行率最低，为6.6%。对三名埃及人的核苷酸序列分析证实，这些PCR产物源自GBV-C/HGV基因组，所有分离株均归类为GBV-C/HGV基因型的美国/欧洲型（2型）。所有病例的危险因素均为非输血性非肠道暴露，例如重复使用注射器、牙科治疗、手术、侵入性医疗操作，但肾透析患者除外，他们曾多次输血。得出的结论是，与国际数据相比，不同埃及人群中GBV-C/HGV-RNA的流行率相对较高。主要危险因素是直接经皮暴露而非输血。埃及的GBV-C/HGV分离株与美国分离株PNF 2161非常相似。
