Chinevere T D, Faria E W, Faria I E
Department of Health and Physical Education, California State University, Sacramento, USA.
J Sports Sci. 1999 Jun;17(6):443-7. doi: 10.1080/026404199365759.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nasal splinting during different modes of breathing on breathing patterns and cardiorespiratory responses. Ten healthy subjects (4 males, 6 females) performed five maximal treadmill tests while breathing through the nose, nose + dilator, mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey HSD revealed no significant differences between trials for maximal oxygen consumption, minute ventilation at an oxygen consumption of 30 ml.kg-1.min-1, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, tidal volume, dead space to tidal volume ratio, or completed treadmill stages to exhaustion. No significant difference was found in subjective dyspnoea ratings between stages of nose versus nose + dilator breathing. Minute ventilation, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen, and breath frequency for nose and nose + dilator versus mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator were significantly lower. Ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide was significantly lower for nose versus mouth, and nose + dilator versus nose + mouth + dilator breathing. End-tidal carbon dioxide was significantly higher in nose versus mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator breathing, and in nose + dilator versus mouth breathing. Nose breathing revealed a significantly lower heart rate versus nose + dilator, mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator breathing. These results suggest that nasal splinting during exercise has minimal effects when nasal breathing and no effects when oronasal breathing.
本研究的目的是比较不同呼吸模式下鼻腔夹板对呼吸模式和心肺反应的影响。10名健康受试者（4名男性，6名女性）在通过鼻腔、鼻腔+扩张器、口腔、鼻腔+口腔以及鼻腔+口腔+扩张器进行呼吸时，进行了5次最大运动平板试验。重复测量方差分析和Tukey HSD检验显示，在最大耗氧量、耗氧量为30 ml.kg-1.min-1时的分钟通气量、二氧化碳产生量、呼吸交换率、潮气量、死腔与潮气量之比或运动平板试验至疲劳的完成阶段方面，各试验之间无显著差异。在鼻腔呼吸与鼻腔+扩张器呼吸阶段，主观呼吸困难评分无显著差异。鼻腔和鼻腔+扩张器呼吸时的分钟通气量、氧通气当量和呼吸频率，与口腔、鼻腔+口腔以及鼻腔+口腔+扩张器呼吸时相比，显著更低。鼻腔呼吸与口腔呼吸、鼻腔+扩张器呼吸与鼻腔+口腔+扩张器呼吸时的二氧化碳通气当量显著更低。呼气末二氧化碳在鼻腔呼吸与口腔、鼻腔+口腔以及鼻腔+口腔+扩张器呼吸时，以及鼻腔+扩张器呼吸与口腔呼吸时，显著更高。鼻腔呼吸时的心率与鼻腔+扩张器、口腔、鼻腔+口腔以及鼻腔+口腔+扩张器呼吸时相比，显著更低。这些结果表明，运动时使用鼻腔夹板对鼻呼吸影响极小，对口鼻呼吸则无影响。
