Akah P A, Aguwa C N, Agu R U
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Phytother Res. 1999 Jun;13(4):292-5. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199906)13:4<292::AID-PTR415>3.0.CO;2-N.
The aqueous (WE) and ethanol (EE) leaf extracts of Pentaclethra macrophylla were tested for antidiarrhoeal activity using experimental animal models. The i.p. LD50 values were established to be 770 mg/kg and 280 mg/kg for the aqueous (WE) and ethanol (EE) extracts, respectively. Antidiarrhoeal potential of the extracts was evidenced by a significant reduction in faecal output and protection from castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats treated with the extracts. In addition the extracts significantly (p < 0.05) decreased propulsive movement of gastrointestinal contents in mice. On isolated tissue preparations, the extracts significantly reduced in a non-specific manner contractions evoked by acetylcholine, nicotine and histamine. The extracts inhibited the growth of common pathogenic microorganisms. The antispasmodic as well as the antimicrobial effects of the extracts may explain the rationale for the use of the plant in traditional medicine as a popular antidiarrhoeal recipe.
利用实验动物模型对大叶合欢的水提物（WE）和乙醇提取物（EE）进行了抗腹泻活性测试。水提物（WE）和乙醇提取物（EE）的腹腔注射半数致死量（LD50）值分别确定为770毫克/千克和280毫克/千克。提取物的抗腹泻潜力表现为，在用提取物处理的大鼠中，粪便排出量显著减少，对蓖麻油诱导的腹泻有保护作用。此外，提取物显著（p < 0.05）降低了小鼠胃肠道内容物的推进运动。在离体组织制备实验中，提取物以非特异性方式显著减少了由乙酰胆碱、尼古丁和组胺引起的收缩。提取物抑制了常见致病微生物的生长。提取物的解痉和抗菌作用可能解释了该植物在传统医学中作为常用抗腹泻药方使用的原理。
