The Foundation for Medical Research, 84A, R. G. Thadani Marg, Worli, Mumbai 400018, Maharashtra, India.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009 Nov 23;9:47. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-9-47.
Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa has been widely used in indigenous systems of Indian medicine due to its various medicinal properties. However, despite its traditional usage as an anti-diarrhoeal there is limited information regarding its mode of action in infectious forms of diarrhoea. Hence, we evaluated the hot aqueous extract (decoction) of dried unripe fruit pulp of A. marmelos for its antimicrobial activity and effect on various aspects of pathogenicity of infectious diarrhoea.
The decoction was assessed for its antibacterial, antigiardial and antirotaviral activities. The effect of the decoction on adherence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and invasion of enteroinvasive E. coli and Shigella flexneri to HEp-2 cells were assessed as a measure of its effect on colonization. The effect of the decoction on production of E. coli heat labile toxin (LT) and cholera toxin (CT) and their binding to ganglioside monosialic acid receptor (GM1) were assessed by GM1-enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay whereas its effect on production and action of E. coli heat stable toxin (ST) was assessed by suckling mouse assay.
The decoction showed cidal activity against Giardia and rotavirus whereas viability of none of the six bacterial strains tested was affected. It significantly reduced bacterial adherence to and invasion of HEp-2 cells. The extract also affected production of CT and binding of both LT and CT to GM1. However, it had no effect on ST.
The decoction of the unripe fruit pulp of A. marmelos, despite having limited antimicrobial activity, affected the bacterial colonization to gut epithelium and production and action of certain enterotoxins. These observations suggest the varied possible modes of action of A. marmelos in infectious forms of diarrhoea thereby validating its mention in the ancient Indian texts and continued use by local communities for the treatment of diarrhoeal diseases.
酸橙（Aegle marmelos（L.）Correa）由于其多种药用特性，已在印度传统医学中广泛使用。然而，尽管它作为抗腹泻药的传统用途，但关于其在感染性腹泻中的作用方式的信息有限。因此，我们评估了酸橙未成熟果实果肉的热水提取物（汤剂）的抗菌活性及其对感染性腹泻发病机制各个方面的影响。
评估汤剂的抗菌、抗贾第鞭毛虫和抗轮状病毒活性。评估汤剂对肠致病性大肠杆菌粘附和侵袭肠侵袭性大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌的影响，作为其对定植影响的衡量标准。通过 GM1-酶联免疫吸附测定评估汤剂对大肠杆菌不耐热毒素（LT）和霍乱毒素（CT）的产生及其与神经节苷脂单唾液酸受体（GM1）的结合的影响，而通过幼鼠吸吮测定评估其对大肠杆菌热稳定毒素（ST）的产生和作用的影响。
汤剂对贾第鞭毛虫和轮状病毒具有杀菌活性，而测试的六种细菌菌株的活力均未受到影响。它显著降低了细菌对 HEp-2 细胞的粘附和侵袭。提取物还影响 CT 的产生以及 LT 和 CT 与 GM1 的结合。然而，它对 ST 没有影响。
尽管酸橙未成熟果实果肉的汤剂具有有限的抗菌活性，但它影响了细菌对肠道上皮的定植以及某些肠毒素的产生和作用。这些观察结果表明酸橙在感染性腹泻中的作用方式多种多样，从而验证了它在古印度文献中的提及以及当地社区继续将其用于治疗腹泻病。
