Zhang X, Fogel R, Renehan W E
Division of Gastroenterology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1999 Jul;277(1):G79-90. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.1.G79.
There is good evidence that stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus excites neurons in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), but the data regarding the role of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in vagal function are less clear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of PVN stimulation on the activity of neurons in the DVC. We utilized extracellular and intracellular neuronal recordings with intracellular injections of a neuronal tracer to label individual, physiologically characterized neurons in the DVC of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. Most (80%) of the gut-sensitive dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV) neurons characterized in this study exhibited a change in activity during electrical stimulation of the PVN. Stimulation of the PVN caused an increase in the spontaneous activity of 59% of the PVN-sensitive DMNV neurons, and the PVN was capable of modulating the response of a small subset of DMNV neurons to gastrointestinal stimuli. This study also demonstrated that the PVN was capable of influencing the activity of neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST). Electrical stimulation of the PVN decreased the basal activity of 66% of the NST cells that we characterized and altered the gastrointestinal response of a very small subset of NST neurons. It is likely that these interactions play a role in the modulation of a number of gut-related homeostatic processes. Increased or decreased activity in the descending pathway from the PVN to the DVC has the potential to alter ascending satiety signals, modulate vago-vagal reflexes and the cephalic phase of feeding, and affect the absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract.
有充分证据表明，刺激下丘脑外侧可兴奋迷走神经背侧复合体（DVC）中的神经元，但关于室旁核（PVN）在迷走神经功能中作用的数据尚不清楚。本研究的目的是阐明PVN刺激对DVC中神经元活动的影响。我们利用细胞外和细胞内神经元记录，并通过细胞内注射神经元示踪剂来标记用戊巴比妥钠麻醉的大鼠DVC中单个具有生理特征的神经元。本研究中表征的大多数（80%）迷走神经背运动核（DMNV）肠道敏感神经元在电刺激PVN时表现出活动变化。刺激PVN导致59%的PVN敏感DMNV神经元的自发活动增加，并且PVN能够调节一小部分DMNV神经元对胃肠道刺激的反应。本研究还表明，PVN能够影响孤束核（NST）中神经元的活动。电刺激PVN降低了我们表征的66%的NST细胞的基础活动，并改变了非常小部分NST神经元的胃肠道反应。这些相互作用可能在许多与肠道相关的稳态过程的调节中发挥作用。从PVN到DVC的下行通路中活动的增加或减少有可能改变上升的饱腹感信号、调节迷走-迷走反射和进食的头期，并影响胃肠道对营养物质的吸收。
