Aránguez E, Ordóñez J M, Serrano J, Aragonés N, Fernández-Patier R, Gandarillas A, Galán I
Consejería de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales, Comunidad de Madrid.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 1999 Mar-Apr;73(2):123-32.
Some basic concepts regarding air pollution are set out. Although, from a health care standpoint, our interest revolves around the impact which pollution has on human health, it being important to ascertain the main pollutants, the sources of emissions, the physiochemical properties thereof, the sampling and analysis methods which are used at the air pollution control stations, the limits set by the laws currently in impact and the World Health Organization recommendations with regard to the levels of immission. This study reviews these concepts with regard to the pollutants which have been analyzed in the Spanish Multicenter Study of Air Pollution and Mortality (EMECAM): particles, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3). For this purpose, the most recent publications on this subject have been used, including part of what is going to be the line around which all of the measures aimed at combating air pollution are going to be revolving in the very near future, that is, the new set of European Union Directives (some currently in the proposal stage) and the latest recommendations (not as yet published) of the World Health Organization. Lastly, a wide range of aspects are set out which involve Public Health in the field of air pollution, despite the monitoring and control thereof falling to the environmental affairs authorities in terms of government organization.
阐述了一些关于空气污染的基本概念。尽管从医疗保健的角度来看，我们关注的重点是污染对人类健康的影响，确定主要污染物、排放源、其理化性质、空气污染控制站所采用的采样和分析方法、现行法律规定的限值以及世界卫生组织关于污染物排放水平的建议非常重要。本研究回顾了西班牙空气污染与死亡率多中心研究（EMECAM）中所分析的污染物的这些概念：颗粒物、二氧化硫（SO₂）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、一氧化碳（CO）和臭氧（O₃）。为此，使用了关于该主题的最新出版物，包括在不久的将来所有旨在防治空气污染的措施都将围绕的部分内容，即欧盟的一系列新指令（有些目前处于提案阶段）以及世界卫生组织的最新建议（尚未发布）。最后，阐述了空气污染领域中涉及公共卫生的广泛方面，尽管在政府组织架构中对其监测和控制属于环境事务当局的职责范围。
