McCrary M L, Severson J, Tyring S K
Section of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Jul;41(1):1-14; quiz 15-6. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70398-1.
Because of its ability to produce two clinically distinct disease entities (chickenpox and shingles), varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an unusual etiologic agent. Although in the past viral exanthems were mostly only of academic interest to the practitioner, the development of antiviral agents and the newly approved varicella (OKA) vaccine have increased the clinical significance. Also, with the increasing seroprevalence of HIV infection, more patients will be stricken with zoster (at a younger age) and disseminated varicella. In this review, the history, incidence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment options (of VZV infection and postherpetic neuralgia) will be discussed.
由于水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）能够引发两种临床上截然不同的疾病（水痘和带状疱疹），因此它是一种独特的病原体。尽管过去病毒疹对从业者而言大多仅具有学术研究价值，但抗病毒药物的研发以及新获批的水痘（OKA）疫苗提升了其临床重要性。此外，随着HIV感染血清阳性率的上升，更多患者（在更年轻的年龄段）将会患上带状疱疹和播散性水痘。在这篇综述中，将讨论（VZV感染及带状疱疹后神经痛的）历史、发病率、发病机制、临床表现及治疗选择。
