Gerth van Wijk R G, de Graaf-in 't Veld C, Garrelds I M
Dept. of Allergology, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Rhinology. 1999 Jun;37(2):50-5.
Nasal hyperreactivity is an important feature of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. This paper reviews the possible mechanisms behind hyperreactivity. Distinct mechanisms may play a role in allergic rhinitis--an inflammatory disease--and non-allergic rhinitis, mainly a non-inflammatory disease. In allergic rhinitis, particularly in perennial allergic rhinitis, there is a close connection between allergic response and non-specific hyperreactivity. In non-allergic rhinitis, a pathological entity comprising a heterogeneous series of diseases, understanding and measuring nasal hyperreactivity is much more difficult. A variety of methods to assess nasal hyperreactivity are available. Given the heterogeneity of mechanisms, the various patients groups and the lack of standardization in tests, it is not surprising that measurement of nasal hyperreactivity is not included in the diagnostic arsenal of the clinician.
鼻高反应性是变应性和非变应性鼻炎的一个重要特征。本文综述了高反应性背后的可能机制。不同的机制可能在变应性鼻炎（一种炎症性疾病）和非变应性鼻炎（主要是一种非炎症性疾病）中发挥作用。在变应性鼻炎中，尤其是常年性变应性鼻炎，变应性反应与非特异性高反应性之间存在密切联系。在非变应性鼻炎中，这是一个由一系列异质性疾病组成的病理实体，理解和测量鼻高反应性要困难得多。有多种评估鼻高反应性的方法。鉴于机制的异质性、不同的患者群体以及测试缺乏标准化，鼻高反应性的测量未被纳入临床医生的诊断手段也就不足为奇了。
