Broadway D C, Nicolela M T, Drance S M
Department of Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1999 Jun;43 Suppl 1:S223-43. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00007-7.
Primary open-angle glaucoma almost certainly develops in a multifactorial manner, with interplay between numerous risk factors affecting the disease. These risk factors, in addition to intraocular pressure, include a number of cardiovascular factors. Some of these factors may determine the appearance of the damaged glaucomatous optic nerve head. Patients with four specific optic disk appearances have been investigated, and differences have been identified in their demographic characteristics, prevalence of certain risk factors, the pattern of visual field damage, and circulatory abnormalities in their retrobulbar vessels. The findings provide evidence of the existence of subgroups of primary open-angle glaucoma with correlations between risk factor and type of optic disk. A reliable method by which the different disk appearances could be distinguished in an objective manner would be clinically valuable, and the scanning laser ophthalmoscope has shown potential promise to achieve this. The results of studies relating to various glaucomatous optic disk appearances are presented and discussed.
原发性开角型青光眼几乎可以肯定是以多因素方式发展的，众多影响该疾病的危险因素之间存在相互作用。除了眼压之外，这些危险因素还包括一些心血管因素。其中一些因素可能决定了受损青光眼性视神经乳头的外观。对具有四种特定视盘外观的患者进行了研究，并在他们的人口统计学特征、某些危险因素的患病率、视野损害模式以及球后血管的循环异常方面发现了差异。这些发现为原发性开角型青光眼存在亚组提供了证据，且危险因素与视盘类型之间存在相关性。一种能够客观区分不同视盘外观的可靠方法在临床上将具有重要价值，扫描激光检眼镜已显示出实现这一目标的潜在前景。本文展示并讨论了与各种青光眼性视盘外观相关的研究结果。
