Michaud P A, Narring F, Ferron C
Institut Universitaire de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Adolesc Health. 1999 Jul;25(1):84-90. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00158-x.
To describe two methodological approaches to surveying adolescents' sexual life which were combined within a national survey.
The questionnaire was designed during a 5-day workshop. Ten adolescents played the roles of imaginary adolescents involved in different situations related to sexual life. The information obtained through the analysis of these role-plays was used to establish the sequence of the questions, their content, and wording. The questionnaire was computerized so that it could be completed by the adolescents using laptop computers. Its arborescent structure, leading each respondent from one module to another, made possible the adjustment of the questions to each respondent's stage of development and type of sexual experience.
A total of 4283 teenagers (2075 girls and 2208 boys, and 4 refusals) 16-20 years were included. Only 7.6% did not fill in the whole questionnaire. By the age of 18 years, more than 50% of boys and girls were sexually active. Half of sexually active teenagers have discussed contraception issue before engaging in their first intercourse, but much fewer (14-35%) have discussed issues related to HIV transmission. During their first sexual intercourse, the majority of the respondents used a condom (girls, 63%; boys, 58%) or condom plus oral contraception (girls, 11%; boys, 17%).
Youth participation and role-play decrease the conceptual biases often associated with professionals' perceptions and bring tools enabling a better exploration of circumstances and negotiations surrounding the sexual encounter. The computerized questionnaire increases confidentiality, attractiveness, easy data collection, and, above all, adjustment of the questions to the respondent's level of experience. These methods could be more systematically used in surveys targeting sensitive issues related to adolescents' health.
描述在一项全国性调查中结合使用的两种调查青少年性生活的方法。
问卷是在一个为期5天的研讨会上设计的。10名青少年扮演了处于与性生活相关不同情境中的虚构青少年角色。通过对这些角色扮演的分析获得的信息被用于确定问题的顺序、内容和措辞。问卷实现了计算机化，以便青少年可以使用笔记本电脑完成。其树形结构引导每位受访者从一个模块进入另一个模块，使得问题能够根据每位受访者的发育阶段和性经历类型进行调整。
共纳入了4283名16至20岁的青少年（2075名女孩和2208名男孩，4人拒绝参与）。只有7.6%的人没有填写完整问卷。到18岁时，超过50%的男孩和女孩有了性活动。一半有性活动的青少年在首次性交前讨论过避孕问题，但讨论过与艾滋病毒传播相关问题的人要少得多（14%至35%）。在首次性交时，大多数受访者使用了避孕套（女孩为63%；男孩为58%）或避孕套加口服避孕药（女孩为11%；男孩为17%）。
青少年参与和角色扮演减少了通常与专业人员认知相关的概念偏差，并带来了能更好地探索性接触周围情况和协商的工具。计算机化问卷提高了保密性、吸引力、便于数据收集，最重要的是能根据受访者的经验水平调整问题。这些方法可更系统地用于针对与青少年健康相关敏感问题的调查。
