Pescosolido B A, Wright E R, Kikuzawa S
Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA.
J Behav Health Serv Res. 1999 Aug;26(3):318-28. doi: 10.1007/BF02287276.
For four groups--patients (N = 80), their families or lay caregivers (N = 120), hospital workers (N = 124), and the public (N = 108)--attitudes toward the decision to close the only long-term, urban state hospital are traced over time. Initially, patients were most supportive of the closing decision (65.4%), followed by family members (39.8%), the general public (27.8%), and workers (10.4%). A majority of all groups favored fixing the hospital. Almost half of the clients and more than half of other stakeholders expressed concerns about homelessness. Most attitudes were consistent despite respondents' sociodemographic characteristics. The overall profile of group attitudes remained remarkably stable, although there was a good deal of change in individuals' positions. Public support for fixing the hospital decreased significantly, and differences among stakeholders regarding homelessness disappeared. These findings reinforce the importance of ascertaining different constituencies' positions and recognizing the slowly changing response of stakeholders even under massive and successful policy change.
针对四组人群——患者（N = 80）、其家属或非专业护理人员（N = 120）、医院工作人员（N = 124）以及公众（N = 108）——对关闭唯一一家长期运营的城市公立医院这一决定的态度随时间变化进行了追踪。最初，患者对关闭决定的支持率最高（65.4%），其次是家庭成员（39.8%）、公众（27.8%）和工作人员（10.4%）。所有组中的大多数人都赞成修复该医院。几乎一半的患者以及超过一半的其他利益相关者对无家可归问题表示担忧。尽管受访者的社会人口统计学特征不同，但大多数态度是一致的。尽管个体立场有很大变化，但群体态度的总体概况仍保持显著稳定。公众对修复医院的支持率显著下降，利益相关者在无家可归问题上的差异也消失了。这些发现强化了确定不同选民立场以及认识到即使在大规模且成功的政策变革下利益相关者反应缓慢变化的重要性。
