Louisia S, Masquelet A C
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 1999;21(3):169-73. doi: 10.1007/BF01630895.
The existence of chronic heel pain induced by the compression of nerves prompted us to conduct an anatomic study of the innervation of the heel. Fifteen cadaver feet were dissected to investigate the origin, course and branches of the medial calcaneal nerve (MCN) and the inferior calcaneal nerve (ICN). Despite a variable origin (tibial n. (TN) or lateral plantar n. (LPN)), the medial calcaneal nerve branches which lay superficial to the abductor hallucis muscle (AH) were quite constant. The medial calcaneal nerve gave branches to the abductor hallucis muscle and innervated the posterior part of the medial face of the heel. It terminated in the superficial heel pad at the inferior part of the heel. In our study, the inferior calcaneal nerve always originated from the lateral plantar nerve. Its relationship to the deep fascia of the abductor hallucis muscle and anterior tubercle of calcaneus may explain the entrapment syndrome of the inferior calcaneal nerve.
神经受压引起的慢性足跟痛的存在促使我们对足跟的神经支配进行解剖学研究。解剖了15具尸体足，以研究跟内侧神经（MCN）和跟下神经（ICN）的起源、走行和分支。尽管跟内侧神经的起源多变（胫神经（TN）或足底外侧神经（LPN）），但位于拇展肌（AH）浅面的跟内侧神经分支相当恒定。跟内侧神经向拇展肌发出分支，并支配足跟内侧面部的后部。它在足跟下部的浅足跟垫处终止。在我们的研究中，跟下神经总是起源于足底外侧神经。它与拇展肌深筋膜和跟骨前结节的关系可能解释跟下神经卡压综合征。
