Gardeil F, Greene R, Stuart B, Turner M J
Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Aug;94(2):209-12. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00270-7.
To determine if measuring fetal abdominal fat antenatally using ultrasound can predict fetal growth restriction (FGR).
One hundred thirty-seven unselected women with singleton pregnancies had serial ultrasound scans at 20, 26, 31, and 38 weeks' gestation. Subcutaneous fat in the fetal abdomen was measured using the same section as the abdominal circumference (AC). Outcome measures were birth weight, neonatal morbidity, and ponderal index.
Infants with subcutaneous fat less than 5 mm at 38 weeks (n = 51) were almost five times more likely to have a birth weight below the 10th centile than those with subcutaneous fat of 5 mm or more (n = 75). The incidence of neonatal morbidity was significantly higher in infants with subcutaneous fat less than 5 mm, compared with those with subcutaneous fat of 5 mm or more (20% versus 8%, P < .05). Decreased subcutaneous fat was also associated with a high prevalence of low ponderal index, regardless of birth weight category.
Measurement of fat in the abdominal wall is a simple technique with a sensitivity for predicting low birth weight similar to that of conventional sonography and might potentially predict FGR irrespective of fetal weight.
确定产前使用超声测量胎儿腹部脂肪是否能够预测胎儿生长受限（FGR）。
137例单胎妊娠妇女在妊娠20、26、31和38周时接受了系列超声扫描。使用与腹围（AC）相同的切面测量胎儿腹部皮下脂肪。观察指标为出生体重、新生儿发病率和 ponderal 指数。
38周时皮下脂肪小于5mm的婴儿（n = 51）出生体重低于第10百分位数的可能性几乎是皮下脂肪为5mm或以上婴儿（n = 75）的5倍。皮下脂肪小于5mm的婴儿与皮下脂肪为5mm或以上的婴儿相比，新生儿发病率显著更高（20% 对 8%，P <.05）。无论出生体重类别如何，皮下脂肪减少还与低 ponderal 指数的高患病率相关。
测量腹壁脂肪是一种简单的技术，预测低出生体重的敏感性与传统超声检查相似，并且可能无论胎儿体重如何都能预测FGR。
