Finch J F, Okun M A, Pool G J, Ruehlman L S
Department of Psychology, Texas A & M University, College Station 77843-4235, USA.
J Pers. 1999 Aug;67(4):581-621. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.00066.
Following a quantitative review examining the relative influence of positive and negative social exchanges on emotional health, a second-order factor model of negative social exchange was tested and supported in a sample of 906 college students. Structural equation analysis exploring the unique effects of negative social exchange and perceived support satisfaction on depression revealed both variables to predict this outcome, over and above the contribution of personality and coping variables. In addition to the direct effects of the Big Five personality dimensions on depression, indirect effects of the Big Five via negative social exchange, support satisfaction, and avoidant coping also were observed. Although the prevailing belief among support researchers is that the negative effects of conflictual social interactions outweigh the positive effects of social support, the results of the quantitative review suggest boundary conditions that qualify this conclusion. In addition to corroborating a hierarchical measurement model of negative social exchange, the results of the present investigation suggest that how social support and social negativity are measured substantially influences conclusions concerning their relative impact on psychological distress.
在一项定量综述考察了积极和消极社会交往对情绪健康的相对影响之后，在906名大学生样本中对消极社会交往的二阶因素模型进行了检验并得到支持。探索消极社会交往和感知支持满意度对抑郁的独特影响的结构方程分析表明，这两个变量都能预测这一结果，超出了人格和应对变量的作用。除了大五人格维度对抑郁的直接影响外，还观察到了大五人格通过消极社会交往、支持满意度和回避应对产生的间接影响。尽管支持研究人员普遍认为冲突性社会互动的负面影响超过社会支持的积极影响，但定量综述的结果表明了限定这一结论的边界条件。除了证实消极社会交往的层次测量模型外，本研究结果还表明，社会支持和社会消极性的测量方式在很大程度上影响着关于它们对心理困扰相对影响的结论。
