Soleng A, Poléo A B, Alstad N E, Bakke T A
University of Oslo, Norway.
Parasitology. 1999 Jul;119 ( Pt 1):19-25. doi: 10.1017/s0031182099004436.
This study focuses on the effect of acidic water and aqueous aluminium on the monogenean ectoparasite Gyrodactylus salaris, infecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr. G. salaris-infected salmon were exposed to various combinations of acidity and aluminium concentrations. The most pronounced effect was the elimination of parasites after 4 days when 202 micrograms Al/l was added to the water. The effect of aluminium was concentration dependent, but was relatively independent of pH (5.2, 5.6 and 5.9). At the lowest pH of 5.0 the effect of aluminium was enhanced. Acidic aluminium-poor water had no or minor effects on the G. salaris infections except at pH 5.0 where all parasites were eliminated within 9 days. The G. salaris populations increased exponentially in untreated control water. The results show for the first time that aqueous aluminium can, to a limited extent, have a positive effect on fish health. This study emphasizes that basic knowledge about abiotic environmental factors is of importance in order to understand the population dynamics, range extension and dispersal of ectoparasites such as G. salaris. Finally, our results suggest that aluminium treatment could form an effective disinfection method against ectoparasites in hatcheries and laboratories, as well as complementing the controversial rotenone treatments used against natural populations of G. salaris.
本研究聚焦于酸性水和铝离子对感染大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）仔鱼的单殖吸虫外寄生虫——鲑三代虫（Gyrodactylus salaris）的影响。将感染鲑三代虫的鲑鱼暴露于不同酸度和铝浓度的组合环境中。最显著的影响是，当水中添加202微克/升的铝时，4天后寄生虫被清除。铝的影响取决于浓度，但相对独立于pH值（5.2、5.6和5.9）。在最低pH值5.0时，铝的影响增强。除了在pH值为5.0时9天内所有寄生虫都被清除外，酸性贫铝水对鲑三代虫感染没有影响或影响较小。在未处理的对照水中，鲑三代虫种群呈指数增长。结果首次表明，铝离子在一定程度上对鱼类健康有积极影响。本研究强调，了解非生物环境因素的基础知识对于理解鲑三代虫等外寄生虫的种群动态、范围扩展和扩散至关重要。最后，我们的结果表明，铝处理可以成为孵化场和实验室中针对外寄生虫的一种有效消毒方法，同时也可以补充用于处理自然环境中鲑三代虫种群的有争议的鱼藤酮处理方法。
