瑞典的胸膜间皮瘤：根据石棉使用情况对发病率的分析。
Pleural mesothelioma in Sweden: an analysis of the incidence according to the use of asbestos.
作者信息
Järvholm B, Englund A, Albin M
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1999 Feb;56(2):110-3. doi: 10.1136/oem.56.2.110.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate if the preventive measures taken to reduce the occupational exposure to asbestos have resulted in a decreased incidence of pleural mesothelioma in Sweden.
METHODS
The incidence of pleural mesothelioma between 1958 and 1995 for birth cohorts born between 1885 and 1964 was investigated. The cases of pleural mesothelioma were identified through the Swedish Cancer Register.
RESULTS
In 1995, around 80 cases of pleural mesothelioma could be attributed to occupational exposure to asbestos. There is an increasing incidence in more recent birth cohorts in men. The incidence was considerably higher in the male cohort born between 1935 and 1944 than in men born earlier.
CONCLUSIONS
The annual incidence of pleural mesothelioma attributable to occupational exposure to asbestos is today larger than all fatal occupational accidents in Sweden. The first asbestos regulation was adopted in 1964 and in the mid 1970s imports of raw asbestos decreased drastically. Yet there is no obvious indication that the preventive measures have decreased the risk of pleural mesothelioma. The long latency indicates that the effects of preventive measures in the 1970s could first be evaluated around 2005.
目的
调查瑞典为减少职业性石棉暴露所采取的预防措施是否降低了胸膜间皮瘤的发病率。
方法
对1885年至1964年出生队列在1958年至1995年间的胸膜间皮瘤发病率进行调查。胸膜间皮瘤病例通过瑞典癌症登记处确定。
结果
1995年，约80例胸膜间皮瘤可归因于职业性石棉暴露。在较近出生队列的男性中发病率呈上升趋势。1935年至1944年出生的男性队列中的发病率明显高于早出生的男性。
结论
如今，职业性石棉暴露所致胸膜间皮瘤的年发病率高于瑞典所有致命职业事故。1964年通过了第一部石棉法规，20世纪70年代中期原石棉进口量急剧下降。然而，没有明显迹象表明预防措施降低了胸膜间皮瘤的风险。潜伏期长表明20世纪70年代预防措施的效果最早可能在2005年左右得到评估。
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