LaKind J S, McKenna E A, Hubner R P, Tardiff R G
LaKind Associates, LLC, Catonsville, MD, USA.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1999 Jul;29(4):331-65. doi: 10.1080/10408449991349230.
The purpose of this article is to review and interpret the scientific literature on the mammalian toxicity of ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG), with the goal of comparing the toxicity of the two chemicals. This type of review may serve as the basis for risk management decision-making. Because EG is not a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) chemical, its uses are restricted when compared with PG; thus, certain routes of exposure are not relevant here for toxicological comparison (e.g., subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous). Therefore, this review is focused on the oral, inhalation, and dermal routes of exposure. However, where toxicological data derived from an alternative route of exposure serve to eludicate mechanisms of toxicity, data from these routes are considered. Based on the review provided herein, the following conclusions can be drawn. From the standpoint of lethality, acute effects, and reproductive, developmental, and kidney toxicity, the toxicity of EG exceeds that of PG. Further, localized dermal effects from EG and PG are both mild, with data suggesting that PG may have a skin contact sensitization potential. Finally, PG exposure in laboratory animals has been associated with reversible hematological changes; no data were located for EG from which to draw a toxicological comparison.
本文旨在回顾和解读关于乙二醇（EG）和丙二醇（PG）对哺乳动物毒性的科学文献，目的是比较这两种化学品的毒性。此类综述可为风险管理决策提供依据。由于EG不是公认安全的化学品，与PG相比其用途受到限制；因此，某些暴露途径在此处的毒理学比较中不相关（例如皮下、肌肉内和静脉内途径）。所以，本综述聚焦于口服、吸入和皮肤暴露途径。然而，当来自替代暴露途径的毒理学数据有助于阐明毒性机制时，会考虑这些途径的数据。基于本文提供的综述，可得出以下结论。从致死性、急性效应以及生殖、发育和肾脏毒性的角度来看，EG的毒性超过PG。此外，EG和PG的局部皮肤效应均较轻微，数据表明PG可能具有皮肤接触致敏潜力。最后，实验动物接触PG与可逆的血液学变化有关；未找到关于EG的可用于毒理学比较的数据。
