Smith R A
Department of Cancer Control, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 1999 Oct;8(4):587-609, v.
Screening for cancer is the application of various tests to apparently healthy individuals in order to identify who among them has occult disease, which may be either invasive disease or a precursor lesion. For any given cancer site, the potential of screening to reduce morbidity and mortality is based on well-defined criteria for the evaluation of screening effectiveness and on acceptable performance to be realized in the average community setting. Screening programs are most successful when they are organized into a system that leads to high rates of participation, high quality, and constant surveillance and evaluation. If the elements that contribute to a successful screening program are not well organized and integrated, then the fullest potential of screening will not be realized.
癌症筛查是针对看似健康的个体应用各种检测方法，以确定其中哪些人患有隐匿性疾病，这种疾病可能是侵袭性疾病或癌前病变。对于任何特定的癌症部位，筛查降低发病率和死亡率的潜力基于评估筛查有效性的明确标准以及在普通社区环境中可实现的可接受性能。当筛查项目被组织成一个能实现高参与率、高质量以及持续监测和评估的系统时，最为成功。如果构成成功筛查项目的要素没有得到良好组织和整合，那么筛查的最大潜力将无法实现。
