Thompson W G, Longstreth G F, Drossman D A, Heaton K W, Irvine E J, Müller-Lissner S A
Committee on Functional Bowel Disorders and Functional Abdominal Pain, Multinational Working Teams to Develop Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (Rome II), University of Ottawa, Canada.
Gut. 1999 Sep;45 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):II43-7. doi: 10.1136/gut.45.2008.ii43.
The Rome diagnostic criteria for the functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain are used widely in research and practice. A committee consensus approach, including criticism from multinational expert reviewers, was used to revise the diagnostic criteria and update diagnosis and treatment recommendations, based on research results. The terminology was clarified and the diagnostic criteria and management recommendations were revised. A functional bowel disorder (FBD) is diagnosed by characteristic symptoms for at least 12 weeks during the preceding 12 months in the absence of a structural or biochemical explanation. The irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal bloating, functional constipation, and functional diarrhea are distinguished by symptom-based diagnostic criteria. Unspecified FBD lacks criteria for the other FBDs. Diagnostic testing is individualized, depending on patient age, primary symptom characteristics, and other clinical and laboratory features. Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is defined as either the FAP syndrome, which requires at least six months of pain with poor relation to gut function and loss of daily activities, or unspecified FAP, which lacks criteria for the FAP syndrome. An organic cause for the pain must be excluded, but aspects of the patient's pain behavior are of primary importance. Treatment of the FBDs relies upon confident diagnosis, explanation, and reassurance. Diet alteration, drug treatment, and psychotherapy may be beneficial, depending on the symptoms and psychological features.
罗马功能性肠病和功能性腹痛诊断标准在研究和实践中被广泛应用。基于研究结果，采用了委员会共识方法，包括多国专家评审的批评意见，来修订诊断标准并更新诊断和治疗建议。术语得到了澄清，诊断标准和管理建议也进行了修订。功能性肠病（FBD）的诊断依据是在过去12个月中至少有12周出现特征性症状，且不存在结构性或生化性解释。肠易激综合征、功能性腹胀、功能性便秘和功能性腹泻通过基于症状的诊断标准进行区分。未特定的FBD缺乏其他FBD的标准。诊断测试是个体化的，取决于患者年龄、主要症状特征以及其他临床和实验室特征。功能性腹痛（FAP）定义为FAP综合征，即至少有6个月的疼痛，与肠道功能关系不大且日常活动受限，或未特定的FAP，其缺乏FAP综合征的标准。必须排除疼痛的器质性原因，但患者疼痛行为的各个方面至关重要。FBD的治疗依赖于可靠的诊断、解释和安慰。根据症状和心理特征，饮食改变、药物治疗和心理治疗可能有益。
