Mishra V K, Retherford R D, Smith K R
Population and Health Studies, East-West Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96848-1601, USA.
Int J Infect Dis. 1999 Spring;3(3):119-29. doi: 10.1016/s1201-9712(99)90032-2.
To examine the relation between use of biomass cooking fuels (wood or dung) and prevalence of active tuberculosis in India.
The analysis is based on 260,162 persons age 20 and over in India's 1992-93 National Family Health Survey. Logistic regression is used to estimate the effects of biomass fuel use on prevalence of active tuberculosis, as reported by household heads, after controlling for a number of potentially confounding variables.
Persons living in households that primarily use biomass for cooking fuel have substantially higher prevalence of active tuberculosis than persons living in households that use cleaner fuels (odds ratio [OR] = 3.56; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82-4. 50). This effect is reduced somewhat when availability of a separate kitchen, house type, indoor crowding, age, gender, urban or rural residence, education, religion, caste or tribe, and geographic region are statistically controlled (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.98-3.37). Fuel type also has a large effect when the analysis is done separately for men (OR = 2.46; 95% CI = 1.79-3.39) and women (OR = 2. 74; 95% CI = 1.86-4.05) and separately for urban areas (OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.61-3.23) and rural areas (OR = 2.65; 95% CI = 1.74-4.03). The analysis also indicates that, among persons age 20 years and over, 51% of the prevalence of active tuberculosis is attributable to cooking smoke.
Results strongly suggest that use of biomass fuels for cooking substantially increases the risk of tuberculosis in India.
研究在印度使用生物质烹饪燃料（木材或粪便）与活动性肺结核患病率之间的关系。
分析基于印度1992 - 1993年全国家庭健康调查中260162名20岁及以上的人员。在控制了一些潜在的混杂变量后，使用逻辑回归来估计使用生物质燃料对户主报告的活动性肺结核患病率的影响。
主要使用生物质作为烹饪燃料的家庭中的人员，其活动性肺结核患病率显著高于使用清洁燃料的家庭中的人员（优势比[OR]=3.56；95%置信区间[CI]=2.82 - 4.50）。当对单独厨房的可用性、房屋类型、室内拥挤程度、年龄、性别、城乡居住情况、教育程度、宗教、种姓或部落以及地理区域进行统计学控制后，这种影响有所降低（OR = 2.58；95% CI = 1.98 - 3.37）。当分别对男性（OR = 2.46；95% CI = 1.79 - 3.39）和女性（OR = 2.74；95% CI = 1.86 - 4.05）以及分别对城市地区（OR = 2.29；95% CI = 1.61 - 3.23）和农村地区（OR = 2.65；95% CI = 1.74 - 4.03）进行分析时，燃料类型也有很大影响。分析还表明，在20岁及以上的人群中，51%的活动性肺结核患病率可归因于烹饪烟雾。
结果强烈表明，在印度使用生物质燃料烹饪会大幅增加患肺结核的风险。
