Wankar Reema L, Deo Deepali S
Department of Community Medicine, H.B.T. Medical College and Dr. R.N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Community Medicine, S.R.T.R. Government Medical College & Hospital, Ambajogai, Maharashtra, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Nov;11(11):7212-7216. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_644_22. Epub 2022 Dec 16.
In India, about 90% of the rural population relied upon biomass fuels like animal dung, crop residues and wood. Women generally being involved in cooking are at higher risk of developing respiratory diseases following use of unclean fuels. Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the association of respiratory morbidity with different fuels and the duration of exposure in the women residing in the rural area of Maharashtra.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine of Government Medical College in Maharashtra. Total of 994 eligible subjects were included in the study and data was collected using predesigned structured questionnaire. Abnormal pulmonary function of the study subjects was assessed by the measurement of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Statistical tests such as ANOVA, bivariate and multivariate analysis were used.
Out of 994 subjects, 725 (72.9%) subjects were using only biomass fuel and 120 (12.1%) were using only LPG for domestic purposes. Lowest mean PEFR was seen in mixed fuel users, that is, 284.09 (SD ± 64.83), followed by biomass fuel users, that is, 287.88 (SD ± 61.47). Respiratory morbidity was seen in 369 (38.1%) subjects with maximum morbidity in biomass users, that is, 262 (p < 0.001). Occurrence of respiratory symptoms like dyspnoea, cough and rhinitis was significantly higher amongst the subjects using biomass fuel, with < 0.001. Bivariate and multivariate analysis showed that use of biomass fuel, age above 60 years and EI more than 90 had higher odds of having respiratory morbidity.
The risk of developing respiratory morbidities is high in subjects using biomass fuel. Also, the occurrence of such morbid conditions depends on the higher age and longer duration of exposure to biomass smoke.
在印度，约90%的农村人口依赖动物粪便、农作物秸秆和木材等生物质燃料。由于女性通常参与烹饪，使用不清洁燃料后患呼吸道疾病的风险更高。目的：本研究旨在评估马哈拉施特拉邦农村地区女性呼吸道疾病发病率与不同燃料及接触时间之间的关联。
在马哈拉施特拉邦政府医学院社区医学系的实地实习地区开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。共有994名符合条件的受试者纳入研究，并使用预先设计的结构化问卷收集数据。通过测量呼气峰值流速（PEFR）评估研究对象的肺功能异常情况。使用了方差分析、双变量和多变量分析等统计检验方法。
在994名受试者中，725名（72.9%）仅使用生物质燃料，120名（12.1%）仅使用液化石油气用于家庭用途。混合燃料使用者的平均PEFR最低，为284.09（标准差±64.83），其次是生物质燃料使用者，为287.88（标准差±61.47）。369名（38.1%）受试者出现呼吸道疾病，其中生物质燃料使用者的发病率最高，为262例（p<0.001）。使用生物质燃料的受试者中，呼吸困难、咳嗽和鼻炎等呼吸道症状的发生率显著更高，p<0.001。双变量和多变量分析表明，使用生物质燃料年龄在60岁以上以及暴露指数超过90的人群患呼吸道疾病的几率更高。
使用生物质燃料的受试者患呼吸道疾病的风险较高。此外，此类疾病的发生取决于年龄较大以及接触生物质烟雾的时间较长。
