Ford S P, Rosazza J P, Al-Mahmoud M S, Lin S, Farley D B, Short R E
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1999 Aug;77(8):2187-93. doi: 10.2527/1999.7782187x.
Pinus ponderosa needle (PN) ingestion by late pregnant cows results in decreased uterine blood flow, premature parturition, and retained placentae. Further, plasma from PN-fed cows increases caruncular arterial tone (i.e., induces prolonged contraction) in an isolated perfused bovine placentome. A novel class of vasoactive lipids was isolated and identified using a bovine placentome assay-guided fractionation of CH2Cl2 extracts of PN. Placentome perfusion tests indicated that 1-12-dodecanedioyl-dimyristate (14-12-14) was the most potent of the PN lipids for increasing caruncular arterial tone. Late pregnant guinea pigs (GP) were used to evaluate the abortifacient activity of these vasoactive lipids. In Study 1, on d 50 of gestation, part of the control diet was replaced with chopped PN (Diet A) or chopped PN subjected to sequential extraction with diethyl ether (Et2O; Diet B); Et2O and CH2Cl2 (Diet C); and Et2O, CH2Cl2, and methanol (Diet D). The GP on Diets A and B exhibited shorter (P<.01) gestation lengths and reduced (P<.01) pig birth weights than GP on the control diet or Diets C and D. Further, only GP on Diets A and B exhibited retained placentae. In Study 2, on d 50 of gestation, part of the control diet was replaced with chopped PN that had been subjected to exhaustive CH2Cl2 extraction and then infiltrated with either CH2Cl2 alone (Diet E), CH2Cl2 containing 14-12-14 (Diet F), or CH2Cl2 containing isocupressic acid (Diet G); then solvents were evaporated. The GP consuming Diet F had shorter (P<.05) gestation lengths and reduced (P<.05) pig birth weights than did GP consuming Diets E or G. The GP consuming Diet F also exhibited a high incidence of retained placentae. These data provide evidence that a unique class of vasoactive lipids in PN exhibit abortifacient activity in guinea pigs.
妊娠后期的母牛摄入黄松针叶（PN）会导致子宫血流量减少、早产和胎盘滞留。此外，喂食PN的母牛的血浆会增加离体灌注的牛胎盘小叶中肉阜动脉张力（即引起长时间收缩）。使用牛胎盘小叶测定法对PN的二氯甲烷提取物进行分级分离，分离并鉴定出一类新型的血管活性脂质。胎盘小叶灌注试验表明，1,12-十二烷二酰-二肉豆蔻酸酯（14-12-14）是PN脂质中增强肉阜动脉张力最有效的成分。妊娠后期的豚鼠（GP）被用于评估这些血管活性脂质的堕胎活性。在研究1中，在妊娠第50天，对照饮食的一部分被切碎的PN（饮食A）或用乙醚（Et2O）连续萃取的切碎PN（饮食B）替代；Et2O和二氯甲烷（饮食C）；以及Et2O、二氯甲烷和甲醇（饮食D）。与喂食对照饮食或饮食C和D的豚鼠相比，喂食饮食A和B的豚鼠的妊娠期更短（P<0.01），仔猪出生体重更低（P<0.01）。此外，只有喂食饮食A和B的豚鼠出现胎盘滞留。在研究2中，在妊娠第50天，对照饮食的一部分被用二氯甲烷彻底萃取然后分别用单独的二氯甲烷（饮食E）、含14-12-14的二氯甲烷（饮食F）或含异海松酸的二氯甲烷（饮食G）浸润的切碎PN替代；然后蒸发溶剂。与食用饮食E或G的豚鼠相比，食用饮食F的豚鼠妊娠期更短（P<0.05），仔猪出生体重更低（P<0.05）。食用饮食F的豚鼠也有很高比例的胎盘滞留。这些数据证明PN中一类独特的血管活性脂质在豚鼠中具有堕胎活性。
