Rosenthal T C, Kraybill W
Department of Family Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biological Sciences, 14215, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):567-72.
Soft tissue sarcomas account for fewer than 1 percent of malignancies diagnosed annually in the United States. These tumors usually present as an asymptomatic mass. Any lesion larger than 5 cm in diameter should be considered suspicious. Radiographs should be obtained as the initial step in assessing a suspicious lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging has become the preferred diagnostic examination for tumors involving the extremities, and computed tomographic scanning may be the best technique for imaging lesions in the thoracic, abdominal, and head and neck areas. In general, the patient with a suspicious soft tissue mass located in a surgically difficult area should be referred to a regional center for biopsy and multidisciplinary consultation before resection is attempted. Careful preoperative planning is necessary for a good outcome. The prognosis for the patient with a soft tissue sarcoma is primarily determined by the grade, size and depth of the tumor and the presence of tumor at the surgical margins.
软组织肉瘤在美国每年诊断出的恶性肿瘤中所占比例不到1%。这些肿瘤通常表现为无症状肿块。任何直径大于5厘米的病变都应被视为可疑病变。X线片应作为评估可疑病变的第一步检查。磁共振成像已成为累及四肢肿瘤的首选诊断检查方法，而计算机断层扫描可能是胸部、腹部及头颈部病变成像的最佳技术。一般来说，对于位于手术难度较大区域的可疑软组织肿块患者，在尝试切除之前应转诊至区域中心进行活检和多学科会诊。为取得良好疗效，术前进行仔细规划很有必要。软组织肉瘤患者的预后主要取决于肿瘤的分级、大小、深度以及手术切缘有无肿瘤残留。
