Director, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, A41, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Cleve Clin J Med. 2010 Mar;77 Suppl 1:S13-7. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.77.s1.03.
Patients with soft-tissue sarcomas generally present with a mass that is increasing in size; the presence or absence of pain is not typically predictive of malignancy. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can identify a few soft-tissue lesion types as benign, diagnosis of most lesions requires a careful biopsy, preferably performed by or in consultation with the surgeon who would do an eventual resection. If biopsy confirms a diagnosis of sarcoma, MRI-guided surgical resection with a wide margin is the mainstay of treatment. Neoadjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy have not been of proven benefit in well-controlled studies but are frequently used as adjuncts. Resections with wide margins are generally associated with a low (< 10%) risk of recurrence.
软组织肉瘤患者通常表现为肿块逐渐增大；疼痛的存在与否通常不能预测恶性程度。磁共振成像（MRI）可以识别出少数几种软组织病变类型为良性，但大多数病变的诊断需要仔细的活检，最好由最终进行切除的外科医生进行或与其会诊。如果活检证实为肉瘤诊断，则采用 MRI 引导的广泛切除是主要的治疗方法。新辅助放疗和化疗在对照研究中并未被证实有效，但常被用作辅助手段。广泛切除一般与复发风险低（<10%）相关。
