Cox R M, Alexander G C
The University of Memphis, The Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee, USA.
Ear Hear. 1999 Aug;20(4):306-20. doi: 10.1097/00003446-199908000-00004.
To develop a self-report inventory to quantify satisfaction with hearing aids.
The inventory was developed in several stages. To determine the elements that are most important to satisfaction for most people, we conducted structured interviews and then designed a questionnaire. Hearing aid owners responded to the questionnaire, indicating the relative importance of 14 different elements in their hearing aid satisfaction. Analyses indicated that the elements could be placed into four importance content areas. Trial satisfaction items were designed for each content area and submitted to focus groups to identify highly salient items as well as ambiguous items. A 25-item satisfaction questionnaire then was developed and disseminated to hearing aid owners. Results were obtained from 257 individuals. These data were analyzed to generate the final questionnaire.
Fifteen items, divided into four subscales, were selected for the final Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) questionnaire. The questionnaire yields a Global satisfaction score and a profile of subscale scores, which address Positive Effects, Service and Cost, Negative Features, and Personal Image. A preliminary evaluation of retest stability was conducted with 104 subjects. Ninety percent critical differences for the various scores ranged from 0.9 to 2.0 score intervals on a 7 point scale.
The SADL scale is both brief enough to be clinically acceptable and comprehensive enough to provide a valid assessment of an inherently multidimensional variable. Additional assessment is necessary to refine understanding of its test-retest properties, explore validity issues, and determine clinical, research, and administrative applications of the data.
开发一种自我报告量表以量化对助听器的满意度。
该量表分几个阶段开发。为确定对大多数人而言满意度最重要的因素，我们进行了结构化访谈，然后设计了一份问卷。助听器使用者对问卷做出回应，表明14个不同因素在其助听器满意度中的相对重要性。分析表明这些因素可归为四个重要内容领域。针对每个内容领域设计了试用满意度项目，并提交给焦点小组以确定高度显著的项目以及模糊不清的项目。随后开发了一份包含25个项目的满意度问卷并分发给助听器使用者。从257个人那里获得了结果。对这些数据进行分析以生成最终问卷。
15个项目被选入最终的《日常生活中听力放大满意度》（SADL）问卷，分为四个分量表。该问卷产生一个总体满意度得分和一个分量表得分概况，涉及积极影响、服务与成本、负面特征和个人形象。对104名受试者进行了重测稳定性的初步评估。在7分制量表上，各得分的90%临界差异范围为0.9至2.0分区间。
SADL量表既足够简短以便临床接受，又足够全面以对一个本质上多维度的变量进行有效评估。需要进行额外评估以深化对其重测特性的理解、探索效度问题并确定数据的临床、研究及管理应用。
