Hourani L L, Yuan H, Bray R M, Vincus A A
Naval Health Research Center, Division of Health Sciences, San Diego, CA 92186-5122, USA.
Addict Behav. 1999 Jul-Aug;24(4):521-36. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00105-1.
This study assessed the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of clinical criteria-based diagnoses of nicotine dependence in men and women in the U.S. naval services. Analyses were based on data from the 1995 Perceptions of Wellness and Readiness Assessment, a population-based self-report survey of 9,856 active-duty Navy and Marine Corps members worldwide, specifically focusing on a subsample of those who completed the telephone version of the Quick Diagnostic Interview Schedule (n = 782). Twenty-five percent of all telephone interview volunteers met diagnostic criteria for lifetime nicotine dependence, and 15% met criteria for nicotine dependence in the last year. There was no difference in nicotine dependence by job classification (traditional vs. nontraditional) among women. Women who were abused prior to entering the military were almost three times as likely to be nicotine dependent as those not abused. Men who had been exposed to combat or violence were twice as likely to be nicotine dependent as those not exposed.
本研究评估了美国海军服役人员中基于临床标准诊断的尼古丁依赖在男性和女性中的患病率及其社会心理相关因素。分析基于1995年健康与准备状况感知评估的数据，这是一项针对全球9856名现役海军和海军陆战队成员的基于人群的自我报告调查，特别关注那些完成了电话版快速诊断访谈表的子样本（n = 782）。所有电话访谈志愿者中有25%符合终生尼古丁依赖的诊断标准，15%在过去一年符合尼古丁依赖标准。女性中，按工作类别（传统与非传统）划分的尼古丁依赖情况没有差异。入伍前曾遭受虐待的女性尼古丁依赖的可能性几乎是未受虐待女性的三倍。曾接触过战斗或暴力的男性尼古丁依赖的可能性是未接触过的男性的两倍。
