Ethnicity and long-term outcome after an acute coronary event. Multicenter Myocardial Ischemia Research Group.

BACKGROUND

The role of ethnicity on the long-term outcome after myocardial infarction is not fully understood.

METHODS AND RESULTS

We analyzed the data from the Multicenter Study of Myocardial Ischemia in North America and Japan. We enrolled patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina, with follow-up for 6 to 43 months, an average of 26 months. Among patients enrolled, there were 627 white, 158 black, and 109 Asian patients. Unadjusted cardiac events (cardiac death or nonfatal MI) were more frequent in black patients than in the other 2 ethnic groups (12% in blacks, 6. 4% in whites, 4.0% in Asians, P =.022). Although insulin-dependent diabetes, history of hypertension, and female sex were most frequent in black subjects, coronary angioplasty and thrombolysis at index event were done equally. After adjusting for several covariates, Cox analyses revealed that the black group was significantly associated with cardiac events (hazard ratio 6.5, P =.002). Subgroup analyses showed that the event rate among patients who had a higher educational level (6.1% in whites, 5.9% in blacks, and 7.0% in Asian, P =.94) or who were in a professional occupational class (5.7% in whites, 4.0% in blacks, and 4.8% in Asians, P = 1.0) was not different among the 3 ethnic groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Blacks have an increased rate of cardiac events after MI, and a lower socioeconomic status may contribute to the adverse outcome in this ethnic group.