[Microbiological studies on bacterial spectra of milk samples from healthy udder quarters and from those with increased cell counts and/or conductivity values].

The germ levels of 2,182 milk samples obtained from udder quarters with subclinical mastitis were compared to milk sampled from 2,061 udder quarters with physiological cell counts or conductivity values. Three cattle herds were involved in the test programme. No germ growth was established from 9.5 per cent of all samples taken from udder quarters with increased cell counts and conductivities and from 4.1 per cent of those samples taken from intact udder quarters. Samples taken from udder quarters with subclinical mastitis exhibited the following rises in bacteria, as compared to samples from intact quarters: staphylococci by 3.1 per cent, staphylocci in germ mixtures by 3.0 per cent, CAMP-positive streptococci by 2.2 per cent, alpha-haemolytic CAMP-negative streptococci by 0.8 per cent, anhaemolytic streptococci in germ mixtures by 0.4 per cent, beta-haemolytic streptococci by 0.5 per cent, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 1.4 per cent. Other germ species and mixtures exhibited declining trends along with growing subclinical affection of udder quarters. All findings so far obtained in the presence of subclinical mastitis are likely to suggest that 11.4 per cent of detected bacteria were of pathogenicity to udders. However, attempts to localise those 11.4 per cent were unsuccessful, since no significant difference could be calculated by comparison of intact with affected udder quarters. Reference is made in the discussion to primary and secondary germ levels of milk samples and their relevance to the problem and its elucidation.