Alem A, Kebede D, Jacobsson L, Kullgren G
Amanuel Psychiatric Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1999;397:70-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10697.x.
In a cross-sectional survey, 10,468 adults of a rural and semi-urban community were interviewed to determine lifetime suicide attempts. Among the study population, 58% were female, 74.4% were Muslim and 79.3% had had no formal education. The majority of the population were in the age group 25-59 years. Lifetime suicide attempt was reported by 3.2% (n = 332) of the study population. Of these, 63% (n = 208) were women. The most frequent age of attempt was between 15 and 24 years and the frequency of attempt decreased with increasing age. Hanging and poisoning were the most frequently reported methods of attempting suicide. Marital or family conflict was the most frequently reported cause for attempting suicide and most of those who reported this cause were women (Chi-square = 17.42; P < 0.001). Men were significantly more likely to use hanging to attempt suicide than women (Chi-square = 8.21; P < 0.001). Among Christians 3.9% had a lifetime suicide attempt compared to 2.9% among Muslims (Chi-square = 6.15; P < 0.05). People who currently had mental distress and problem drinking reported lifetime suicide attempt more often than others.
在一项横断面调查中，对一个农村和半城市社区的10468名成年人进行了访谈，以确定其终身自杀未遂情况。在研究人群中，58%为女性，74.4%为穆斯林，79.3%未接受过正规教育。大多数人年龄在25至59岁之间。研究人群中有3.2%（n = 332）报告有过终身自杀未遂经历。其中，63%（n = 208）为女性。自杀未遂最常见的年龄在15至24岁之间，且未遂频率随年龄增长而降低。上吊和中毒是最常报告的自杀未遂方式。婚姻或家庭冲突是最常报告的自杀未遂原因，报告该原因的大多数是女性（卡方检验 = 17.42；P < 0.001）。男性使用上吊自杀未遂的可能性显著高于女性（卡方检验 = 8.21；P < 0.001）。在基督徒中，3.9%有过终身自杀未遂经历，而穆斯林中这一比例为2.9%（卡方检验 = 6.15；P < 0.05）。目前有精神困扰和饮酒问题的人报告终身自杀未遂的情况比其他人更频繁。
