Alem A, Kebede D, Woldesemiat G, Jacobsson L, Kullgren G
Amanuel Psychiatric Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1999;397:48-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10694.x.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 10,468 rural and semi-urban adults in an Ethiopian district using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) to detect the prevalence of mental distress and its association with socio-demographic risk factors. Fifty-eight per cent of the study population were women, 74% were Muslim, 79% were illiterate. Those experiencing 11 or more symptoms out of the 20 SRQ items were considered as having mental distress. Accordingly, the prevalence of mental distress was 17%, which is comparable with the previous hospital-based studies in Ethiopia and elsewhere. However, it was higher than the previous community-based studies in Ethiopia. Mental distress was more prevalent among women. Part of the explanation was that women in the study population were older and that they were more often widowed or divorced, which were factors associated with mental distress. Illiteracy, which was more common among women and older individuals, was also independently associated with mental distress.
在埃塞俄比亚一个地区，对10468名农村和半城市成年人进行了一项横断面调查，使用自填问卷（SRQ）来检测心理困扰的患病率及其与社会人口学风险因素的关联。研究人群中58%为女性，74%为穆斯林，79%为文盲。在SRQ的20个项目中出现11个或更多症状的人被视为有心理困扰。据此，心理困扰的患病率为17%，这与埃塞俄比亚和其他地方之前基于医院的研究结果相当。然而，它高于埃塞俄比亚之前基于社区的研究。心理困扰在女性中更为普遍。部分原因是研究人群中的女性年龄较大，且她们更常丧偶或离婚，这些都是与心理困扰相关的因素。文盲在女性和老年人中更为常见，它也与心理困扰独立相关。
