Ustün T B
Assessment Classification and Epidemiology Group, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Am J Public Health. 1999 Sep;89(9):1315-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.9.1315.
Recent data on the burden of mental disorders worldwide demonstrates a major public health problem that affects patients, society, and nations as a whole. Research must be done to find effective ways to deal with the increasing burden of mental disorders. Given the growing evidence that mental disorders are disorders of the brain and that they can be treated effectively with both psychosocial counseling and psychotropic medications, intervention packages could be developed to deal with the increasing burden. Such packages should be tested for real-world effectiveness and their cost-effectiveness should be demonstrated to guide policymakers to choose from among many other non-mental health interventions. The transportability and sustainability of intervention packages should be studied in public health research and a link between efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, generalizability, and sustainability should be demonstrated. The World Health Organization's initiative on the World Mental Health 2000 Survey will provide the first basic epidemiologic data. Together with other data, the initiative will provide solid evidence for including mental disorders into essential treatment packages. In this way, parity can be achieved for mental disorders and mental health can be mainstreamed into health and public health practice.
全球精神障碍负担的最新数据表明，这是一个影响患者、社会乃至整个国家的重大公共卫生问题。必须开展研究，以找到应对精神障碍日益加重负担的有效方法。鉴于越来越多的证据表明精神障碍是脑部疾病，并且可以通过心理社会咨询和精神药物进行有效治疗，因此可以制定干预方案来应对日益加重的负担。此类方案应进行实际效果测试，并证明其成本效益，以指导政策制定者在众多其他非精神卫生干预措施中进行选择。应在公共卫生研究中研究干预方案的可推广性和可持续性，并证明疗效、效果、成本效益、普遍性和可持续性之间的联系。世界卫生组织的“世界精神卫生2000调查”倡议将提供首批基础流行病学数据。该倡议与其他数据一起，将为将精神障碍纳入基本治疗方案提供确凿证据。通过这种方式，可以实现精神障碍的平等待遇，并将精神卫生纳入卫生和公共卫生实践的主流。
