1970 - 1990年最低饮酒年龄法与青少年自杀
Minimum-age drinking laws and youth suicide, 1970-1990.
作者信息
Birckmayer J, Hemenway D
机构信息
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass. 02115, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1999 Sep;89(9):1365-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.9.1365.
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the association between the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) and suicides among youths aged 18 to 20 years.
METHODS
The study used pooled cross-sectional time-series data on youth suicide and the MLDA for the 48 contiguous states in the United States from 1970 to 1990. Poisson regression was used to estimate the association between MLDA and youth suicide.
RESULTS
A significant association exists between MLDA and youth suicide. Between 1970 and 1990, the suicide rate of 18- to 20-year-old youths living in states with an 18-year MLDA was 8% higher than the suicide rate among 18- to 20-year-old youths in states with a 21-year MLDA (P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS
MLDA is associated not only with the motor-vehicle death rate among youths but also with the rate of youth suicide. We estimate that lowering the drinking age from 21 to 18 years in all states could increase the number of suicides in the 18- to 20-year-old population by approximately 125 each year.
目的
本研究探讨了最低合法饮酒年龄（MLDA）与18至20岁青少年自杀之间的关联。
方法
该研究使用了1970年至1990年美国48个相邻州关于青少年自杀和最低合法饮酒年龄的汇总横断面时间序列数据。采用泊松回归来估计最低合法饮酒年龄与青少年自杀之间的关联。
结果
最低合法饮酒年龄与青少年自杀之间存在显著关联。1970年至1990年期间，最低合法饮酒年龄为18岁的州中，18至20岁青少年的自杀率比最低合法饮酒年龄为21岁的州中18至20岁青少年的自杀率高8%（P <.01）。
结论
最低合法饮酒年龄不仅与青少年机动车死亡率有关，还与青少年自杀率有关。我们估计，在所有州将饮酒年龄从21岁降至18岁，每年可能会使18至20岁人群中的自杀人数增加约125人。
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