Tarr C M, Aggleton P
University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
AIDS Care. 1999 Jun;11(3):375-84. doi: 10.1080/09540129947992.
Like many other countries in South East Asia, Cambodia is experiencing a rapidly developing AIDS epidemic. Groups reported as being particularly seriously affected include sex workers and their clients. Young people too may be at heightened risk: some young women find sex work a lucrative option in the context of low wages and poor employment opportunities, and some young men pay for sex either as individuals or as part of group socializing. These same young men may subsequently have sex with other partners, thus extending networks of transmission. While there is limited knowledge about the form of such sexual networks, little is known about the meanings that underpin young people's sexual relations and partnerships, the sexual identities associated with such meanings, and prevailing socio-sexual cultures. This paper reports on findings from an in-depth qualitative study conducted among two groups of young people: one urban, the other rural. Following an initial Rapid Assessment Process, data was collected via individual interviews, focus group interviews and participant observation. The research team included young people themselves. Data is presented on dominant discourses about sex and sexuality in Cambodia; contemporary patterns of sexual behaviour; sexual meanings and sexual practices; sexual relations among young people involving payment; and sexual relations not involving payment. The implications for more effective HIV prevention efforts are discussed.
与东南亚其他许多国家一样，柬埔寨正经历着艾滋病疫情的迅速蔓延。据报告，受影响特别严重的群体包括性工作者及其客户。年轻人也可能面临更高的风险：一些年轻女性发现在低工资和就业机会匮乏的情况下，性工作是一个有利可图的选择，一些年轻男性则单独或作为群体社交的一部分花钱买性。这些年轻男性随后可能会与其他伴侣发生性行为，从而扩大传播网络。虽然对于此类性网络的形式了解有限，但对于支撑年轻人性关系和伴侣关系的意义、与此类意义相关的性身份以及流行的社会性别文化却知之甚少。本文报告了对两组年轻人（一组来自城市，另一组来自农村）进行的深入定性研究的结果。在最初的快速评估过程之后，通过个人访谈、焦点小组访谈和参与观察收集数据。研究团队包括年轻人自身。文中呈现了柬埔寨关于性与性行为的主流话语；当代性行为模式；性意义和性实践；涉及金钱交易的年轻人之间的性关系；以及不涉及金钱交易的性关系。并讨论了其对更有效的艾滋病毒预防工作的影响。
