Power Robert, Langhaug Lisa, Cowan Frances
Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
Sex Transm Infect. 2007 Jun;83(3):232-6. doi: 10.1136/sti.2006.022434. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
To complement biological and social behavioural markers in evaluating the complex intervention of sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in rural Zimbabwe, community-derived markers of effectiveness were sought. Through a participatory workshop with adolescent boys and girls, an innovative "risk map research workshop" was developed to be conducted throughout the study sites.
78 gender-specific standardised workshops were conducted among secondary school students. Participants drew risk maps of their community. Focus group discussions explored each risk area identified on the map. Grounded Theory was used to create "categories" and "subcategories." Workshops continued to be held until "saturation", whereby no new categories emerged. "Axial coding" identified the inter-relationship between categories and subcategories according to their relevance to sexual and reproductive health risk.
Six "risk area" Grounded Theory categories emerged from the data: bush/rural terrain, commercial centres, homes, school environs, religious and spiritual venues, and roadsides. 17 subcategories emerged, grouped under each of the risk area categories, such as riverbeds, growth points, homesteads, classrooms, all-night prayer meetings and truck stops. Risks and the consequences of risks included sexually transmitted infections (including HIV), violence, sexual abuse, expulsion from school and illegal abortion.
Risk maps provide unique data that can be used to measure more subtle changes that occur as a result of social behavioural interventions aimed at addressing reproductive and sexual health. Another round of risk map research workshops will be held towards the end of the study to explore changes in milieu, behaviour and experiences, and will complement and triangulate the biological and other social behavioural outcome measures.
为了在评估津巴布韦农村青少年性与生殖健康的复杂干预措施时补充生物学和社会行为学指标，我们寻找了源自社区的有效性指标。通过与青少年男孩和女孩举办参与式研讨会，开发了一种创新的“风险地图研究研讨会”，并将在整个研究地点开展。
在中学生中举办了78场针对性别的标准化研讨会。参与者绘制了他们社区的风险地图。焦点小组讨论探讨了地图上确定的每个风险领域。运用扎根理论创建“类别”和“子类别”。研讨会持续举行直至“饱和”，即不再出现新的类别。“轴心编码”根据类别和子类别与性与生殖健康风险的相关性确定它们之间的相互关系。
数据中出现了六个基于扎根理论的“风险领域”类别：灌木丛/农村地形、商业中心、家庭、学校周边、宗教和精神场所以及路边。出现了17个子类别，归在每个风险领域类别之下，例如河床、增长点、宅基地、教室、通宵祈祷会和卡车停靠点。风险及风险后果包括性传播感染（包括艾滋病毒）、暴力、性虐待、被学校开除和非法堕胎。
风险地图提供了独特的数据，可用于衡量因旨在解决生殖和性健康问题的社会行为干预而产生的更细微变化。在研究结束时将再举办一轮风险地图研究研讨会，以探索环境、行为和经历的变化，并将补充和验证生物学及其他社会行为结果指标。
