Boomsma D I, de Geus E J, van Baal G C, Koopmans J R
Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Twin Res. 1999 Jun;2(2):115-25. doi: 10.1375/136905299320565988.
Information on personality, on anxiety and depression and on several aspects of religion was collected in 1974 Dutch families consisting of adolescent and young adult twins and their parents. Analyses of these data showed that differences between individuals in religious upbringing, in religious affiliation and in participation in church activities are not influenced by genetic factors. The familial resemblance for different aspects of religion is high, but can be explained entirely by environmental influences common to family members. Shared genes do not contribute to familial resemblances in religion. The absence of genetic influences on variation in several dimensions of religion is in contrast to findings of genetic influences on a large number of other traits that were studied in these twin families. Differences in religious background are associated with differences in personality, especially in Sensation Seeking. Subjects with a religious upbringing, who are currently religious and who engage in church activities score lower on the scales of the Sensation Seeking Questionnaire. The most pronounced effect is on the Disinhibition scale. The resemblances between twins for the Disinhibition scale differ according to their religious upbringing. Receiving a religious upbringing seems to reduce the influence of genetic factors on Disinhibition, especially in males.
在1974年对由青少年和青年双胞胎及其父母组成的荷兰家庭收集了有关个性、焦虑和抑郁以及宗教几个方面的信息。对这些数据的分析表明，个体在宗教教养、宗教归属和参与教会活动方面的差异不受遗传因素影响。宗教不同方面的家族相似性很高，但完全可以用家庭成员共有的环境影响来解释。共享基因对宗教方面的家族相似性没有贡献。宗教几个维度变异不存在遗传影响，这与在这些双胞胎家庭中研究的大量其他性状的遗传影响结果形成对比。宗教背景的差异与个性差异相关，尤其是在寻求刺激方面。接受宗教教养、目前信教且参与教会活动的受试者在寻求刺激问卷量表上得分较低。最显著的影响在去抑制量表上。双胞胎在去抑制量表上的相似性因其宗教教养而异。接受宗教教养似乎会降低遗传因素对去抑制的影响，尤其是在男性中。
